NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kritika Chapter 2 मेरे संग की औरतें

प्रश्न-अभ्यास

(पाठ्यपुस्तक से)

प्रश्न 1.
लेखिका ने अपनी नानी को कभी देखा भी नहीं फिर भी उनके व्यक्तित्व से वे क्यों प्रभावित थीं?
उत्तर:
लेखिका ने अपनी नानी की कहानी सुनकर बिना देखे हुए भी उनसे प्रभावित थी।

प्रश्न 2.
लेखिका की नानी की आजादी के आंदोलन में किस प्रकार की भागीदारी रही?
उत्तर:
लेखिका की नानी ने अपनी लड़की की शादी आजादी के सिपाही से करवाने की शर्त स्वीकार कराकर आजादी की लड़ाई में अपनी भागीदारी की।

प्रश्न 3.
लेखिका की माँ परंपरा का निर्वाह न करते हुए भी सबके दिलों पर राज करती थी। इस कथन के आलोक में
(क) लेखिका की माँ की विशेषताएँ लिखिए।
(ख) लेखिका की दादी के घर के माहौल का शब्द-चित्र अंकित कीजिए।
उत्तर:
(क) लेखिका की माँ झूठ न बोलने वाली और मितभाजी थीं।

(ख) लेखिका की दादी के घर वाले स्वतंत्र विचारों वाले थे। लीक से हटकर चलने वाले थे। लोग पुत्र के लिए मन्नतें मांगते हैं, लेखिका की दादी पुत्री होने के लिए मन्नतें माँगती हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
आप अपनी कल्पना से लिखिए कि परदादी ने पतोहू के लिए पहले बच्चे के रूप में लड़की पैदा होने की मन्नत क्यों माँगी?
उत्तर:
परदादी पतोहू के लिए पहले बच्चे के रूप में लड़की पैदा होने की मन्नत इसलिए माँगती है क्योंकि वे रूढ़िवादी परंपरा की विरोधिनी हैं। लीक छोड़कर चलने वाली नवोन्मेजिनी विचारधारा की महिला हैं।

प्रश्न 5.
डराने-धमकाने, उपदेश देने या दबाव डालने की जगह सहजता से किसी को भी सही राह पर लाया जा सकता है-पाठ के आधार पर तर्क सहित उत्तर-दीजिए।
उत्तर:
सहजता से किसी को समझाकर सही राह पर लाया जा सकता है। लेखिका की माँ ने एक चोर को जो चोरी के उद्देश्य से उन्हीं के कमरे में घुसा हुआ था, न तो डराया या धमकाया बल्कि अपनी सहज बातों से उसे चोरी छोड़ने पर मजबूर कर दिया।

प्रश्न 6.
“शिक्षा बच्चों का जन्मसिद्ध अधिकार है’- इस दिशा में लेखिका के प्रयासों का उल्लेख कीजिए।
उत्तर:
लेखिका ने बच्चों की शिक्षा के लिए पास के कैथोलिक बिशप से स्कूल खोलने का आग्रह किया किंतु उनके द्वारा अस्वीकार की दशा में उसने स्वयं ही अंग्रेजी, हिंदी, कन्नड़ सिखाने वाले प्राथमिक विद्यालय की नींव
रखी।

प्रश्न 7.
पाठ के आधार पर लिखिए कि जीवन में कैसे इंसानों को अधिक श्रद्धा भाव से देखा जाता है?
उत्तर:
पाठ के आधार पर मितभाजी, स्पष्टवादी तथा कर्तव्यनिष्ठ इंसानों को अधिक श्रद्धाभाव से देखा जाता है।

प्रश्न 8.
‘सच, अकेलेपन का मजा ही कुछ और है’-इस कथन के आधार पर लेखिका की बहन एवं लेखिका के व्यक्तित्व के बारे में अपने विचार व्यक्त कीजिए।
उत्तर:
लेखिका और उनकी बहन स्वतंत्र विचारों वाली धन की पक्की तथा दृढनिश्चयी व्यक्तित्व वाली हैं।

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi

सूरदास के पद Class 9 Summary In Hindi

Class 11 English Chapter 6 Poem NCERT Solutions Childhood Free PDF Download

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 English

I. Think it Out
Question 1.
Identify the stanza that talks of each of the following.
1. Individuality
2. Rationalism
3. Hypocrisy
Answer:
Before answering let us understand these terms.

Individuality is a person’s quality that makes him different from others or thinking for himself without following others’ thinking blindly.

Rationalism is a stage when an individual is able to analyse a situation using reason and come to his own conclusions.

Hypocrisy is a practice of engaging in the same behaviour or activity for which one criticises another. The poet has talked about the hypocritical behaviour of adults who preach something else and practise something else.
Individuality—stanza 3
Rationalism—stanza 1
Hypocrisy—stanza 2

Question 2.
What according to the poem is involved in the process of growing up?
Answer:
According to this poem the process of growing up involves many stages. Attainment of mental maturity can be seen as an indication of growing up.

When a person becomes logical, rational and is able to maintain individual thoughts, he is assumed to be grown up. A grown up can discriminate between reality and fantasy and between reality and hypocrisy.

Question 3.
What is the poet’s feeling towards childhood?
Answer:
The poet grows nostalgic about his childhood. He feels that childhood is full of innocence. A child is neither a hypocrite nor manipulative. He is free from all these wrong habits found in adults.

Dining childhood, he is not able to distinguish between truth and imagination or reality and fiction. The poet seems to suffer from a sense of loss in losing his childhood.

Question 4.
What do you think are the most poetic lines? Why?
Answer:
The most poetic lines in the poem are
Where did my childhood go?
It went to some forgotten place,
That’s hidden in an infant’s face,

These poignant lines explain beautifully what most adults feel. These lines take us back to the innocent world of an infant where the poet thinks his childhood seems to be lying hidden. Naturally, the pure and unadulterated childhood will never come back to us, though we can find it in an infant’s face.

Childhood Extract based Questions and Answers (2 Marks)

I. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
When did my childhood go?
Was it the day I ceased to be eleven,
Was it the time I realised that Hell and Heaven,
Could not be found in Geography,
And therefore could not be,
Was that the day!
Question 1.
At what age does the poet think he lost his childhood ?
(a) After he crossed the age of eleven
(b) After he crossed the age of twelve
(c) After he crossed the age of ten
(d) After he crossed the age of nine
Answer:
(a) After he crossed the age of eleven

Question 2.
What did the poet realise?
(a) That hell and heaven are geographical places
(b) That hell and heaven are one and the same thing
(c) That hell and heaven are not any geographical places
(d) That hell and heaven are located on the Earth itself
Answer:
(c) That hell and heaven are not any geographical places

Question 3.
………. in the extract means the same as discontinued
(a) Realised
(b) Therefore
(c) Ceased
(d) Stopped
Answer:
(c) Ceased

II. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
When did my childhood go?
Was it the time I realised that adults were not all they seemed to be,
They talked of love and preached of love,
But did not act so lovingly,
Was that the day!
Question 1.
Who is ‘my’ in the above lines?
(a) ‘my’ refers to the poet, Markus Natten
(b) ‘my’ refers to the poet’s childhood
(c) ‘my’ refers to the poet’s friend
(d) ‘my’ refers to the poet’s father
Answer:
(a) ‘my’ refers to the poet, Markus Natten

Question 2.
Why is ‘I’ confused?
(a) Because ‘I’ do not seem to understand when he lost his childhood
(b) Because ‘I’ could not search heaven and hell in geography .
(c) Because T is getting a lot of negative thoughts
(d) Because T has lost his mind
Answer:
(a) Because ‘I’ do not seem to understand when he lost his childhood

Question 3.
Explain “But did not act so lovingly”.
(a) It means that children talk about love but their actions are not loving
(b) It means that adults talk about love but their actions are not loving
(c) It means that adults talk about love and their actions reflect the same
(d) It means that children talk about love and their actions reflect the same
Answer:
(b) It means that adults talk about love but their actions are not loving

III. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
When did my childhood go?
Was it when I found my mind was really mine, To use whichever way I choose,
Producing thoughts that were not those of . other people, But my own, and mine alone Was that the day!”
Question 1.
Explain “my mind was really mine”.
(a) It means that his mind was influenced by others
(b) It means that his mind was not influenced by others
(c) It means that his mind was influenced by his parents
(d) It means that he was not confused
Answer:
(b) It means that his mind was not influenced by others

Question 2.
What did the poet realise?
(a) He realised that his mind belonged to his parents
(b) He realised that his mind was controlled by his friends
(c) He realised that his mind was controlled by his teachers
(d) He realised that his mind was his, and he had his own individuality
Answer:
(d) He realised that his mind was his and he had his own individuality

Question 3.
The poet ……….. find an answer to his question.
(a) did
(b) did not
(c) can
(d) may
Answer:
(a) did

IV. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
Where did my childhood go?
It went to some forgotten place,
That’s hidden in an infant’s face,
That’s all I know.
Question 1.
Where did the poet’s childhood go?
(a) It went to an unknown place
(b) It went to some forgotten or unknown place
(c) It went to a known place
(d) It went to the poet’s native place
Answer:
(b) It went to some forgotten or unknown place

Question 2.
Where does the poet think that his childhood is hidden?
(a) He thinks that it is hidden in a cat’s face
(b) He thinks that it is hidden in a boy’s face
(c) He thinks that it is hidden in an infant’s face
(d) He thinks that it is hidden beneath his face
Answer:
(c) He thinks that it is hidden in an infant’s face

Question 3.
The present tense of‘forgotton’is ……… .
(a) forgot
(b) forgets
(c) forget
(d) forgets
Answer:
(c) forget

Childhood Short Questions and Answers (2 Marks)

Question 1.
What question does the poet ask again and again in this poem?
Answer:
In this poem the poet is really confused. He asks the question again and again ‘when did my childhood go?’

Question 2.
The poet has discussed two stages of life – childhood and adulthood. How do we differentiate one from another?
Answer:
Childhood has been considered by the poet as a blissful period in one’s life, where a child trusts everyone.
Adulthood is marked by rational and creative thoughts, ability to perceive and differentiate and learn new things. In this stage of life one also learns to be double faced and crafty.

Question 3.
What did the poet realise when he crossed the age of eleven years?
Answer:
When the poet crossed the age of eleven years, he realised that he had lost his childhood and had developed a mind of his own. He also found out the non-existence of Hell and Heaven.

Question 4.
How did the poet conclude that Hell and Heaven were imaginary places?
Answer:
The poet concluded that Hell and Heaven were imaginary places because Geography books contain names of places, but there is no mention of places like Hell or Heaven in these books.

Question 5.
How did adults seem to the poet when he was a child?
Answer:
As a child, the poet considered all the adults as an epitome of love and sincerity. He believed that their love was true and they were ready to do anything for , their loved ones.

Question 6.
Bring out the hypocrisy that the adults exhibit with regard to love.
Answer:
As the poet grew up, he could make out the double standards followed by adults. He realised that though adults preached of love and talked of love, their behaviour was totally different and full of manipulation. They were all hypocrites who behaved differently from the way they talked.

Question 7.
What did the poet notice about independent thinking? How important was this discovery?
Answer:
The poet discovered that he was different from others and could think independently. He could have his own opinions without getting influenced by anyone else. This discovery was very important to him as it revealed to him his abilities for independent thinking and decision taking.

Question 8.
What is the poet trying to convey when he says that childhood is hidden in an infant’s face?
Answer:
The poet says an infant is really innocent as he trusts everyone and does not try to fool others. The poet brings out this fact by contrasting it with the behaviour of adults, who become manipulative and are hypocrites. As a person develops rational thoughts, his childlike innocence fades away.

Question 9.
According to Markus Natten, when does the child become an adult?
Answer:
Becoming an adult is a complex process which is associated with physical, mental and social development. A child becomes an adult when he is able to live his own life and take care of his responsibilities individually. He also develops his own thought process, using which he can form his own beliefs and opinions.

Question 10.
What is the poet’s feeling towards his childhood?
Answer:
The poet regards childhood as a period of innocence. A child sincerely feels that he is free from all evils and that there is really a Hell and a Heaven. A child knows no hypocrisy. There is no difference between his thoughts and actions. In short, childhood is a state of innocence and purity of heart.

Question 11.
How does the poem expose man and present him in true colours?
Answer:
According to the poet, childhood symbolises innocence, purity, softness and love. As a child grows up, these qualities start receding. Man adheres to lying, shrewdness, cunningness and hypocrisy.

Adults preach about truth and honesty but themselves practise hatred and lying. The simplicity and honesty of childhood evaporates the moment man crosses the threshold of innocent childhood.

Childhood Long Questions and Answers (6 Marks)

Question 1.
Write an article in about 150 words about childhood and the process of growing up.
Answer:

Childhood
by Manav Singh

When I was a child the world seemed to be a place of joy and happiness to me. There was nothing worth worrying about. Whenever I cried, somebody consoled me. When I did not like to sit alone, I was always in somebody’s arms. My mother always looked after me. These are my most cherished memories and I believe that looking at a child playing and enjoying childhood makes me somewhat nostalgic.

Childhood is free from cares. There are no duties or responsibilities on the shoulders of a child. A child only eats, drinks, sleeps and plays. Thus, a child lives in the bliss of ignorance and innocence. As we grow in age, worries about studies, choice of profession, shouldering responsibilities etc keep haunting us. Tensions, stress and worries become a part of adult life and the individual forgets to live a carefree life.

Question 2.
Is independent thinking a step towards adulthood? If yes, then how? Explain with reference to the poem ‘Childhood’.
or
Markus Natten, though showing disapproval regarding the behaviour of adults, also raises a very important point, that of independent thinking and individuality. Do you agree that independent thinking and individuality make us what we are? Elaborate in the context of the poem ‘Childhood’.
Answer:
Of course, independent thinking is a step towards adulthood. As a child, one is not able to make one’s own decisions and one’s thinking is always influenced and directed by adults. A child is so innocent that it is not able to distinguish between truth and imagination.

As a child’s thinking is influenced by others, it has no individuality. Moreover, it is prone to manipulations which lead to fickle-mindedness. Independent thinking makes us what we are. It shapes our personality and we are known among people through what our mind thinks and what decisions we take.

If we want to stay away from evil people who try to influence our thoughts for their selfish purposes, then only independent thinking can help us. We cannot claim to be an individual if we cannot take decisions ourselves.

The Bond of Love Question and Answers

Class 11 English Chapter 4 Poem NCERT Solutions The Voice Of The Rain Free PDF Download

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 English

I. Think it Out
Question 1.
There are two voices in the poem. Who do they belong to? Which lines indicate this?
Answer:
The poem, ‘The Voice of the Rain’, presents a dialogue between the poet and the rain itself. In this poem, the poet asks rain who it is. The poet gets an answer as the rain itself gives its introduction.

Hence, the two voices in the poem are those of rain and the poet. These are
(i) In the poet’s voice And who art thou? said I to the soft-falling shower.
(ii) In the voice of the rain And I am the Poem of the Earth, said the voice of the rain.

Question 2.
What does the phrase ‘strange to tell’ mean?
Answer:
The phrase expresses the poet’s surprise at the rain’s ability to reply and use words. The belief is that rain cannot speak like living beings. The poet believes that the readers will also find it surprising and weird . that the rain should speak and answer the poet’s question.

Question 3.
There is a parallel drawn between rain and music. Which words indicate this? Explain the similarity between the two.
Answer:
The last two lines of the poem (in brackets) indicate the parallel drawn between rain and music (here it is called ‘song’, as a song always has music associated with it). In these lines, the poet observes that the life-cycle of rain and a song are alike. The song issues from the singer and travels to reach others. It wanders and, whether heard and enjoyed or not, eventually returns to its creator with all due love. Similarly, rain originates from Earth, and after fulfilling its role of spreading beauty and purity, returns to its origin.

Both are perpetual in nature. Moreover, the sound of the soft-falling rain is in itself a kind of music.

Question 4.
How is the cyclic movement of rain brought out in the poem? Compare it with what you have learnt in science.
Answer:
In the poem, water rises from the ‘land and the bottomless sea’ to reach the sky. There, it transforms itself into vague formations of clouds, different in their structure than the water from which they originated. After wandering, these clouds descend to Earth in the form of rain to provide relief to the drought-ridden areas and infuse life into unborn and latent seeds. The rain gives Earth beauty and purity.

In science, we learn the cyclical process of rain using terms like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, flowing rivers, ground water, ocean water etc, while in the poem the same process becomes interesting and unusual. The rain speaks itself to describe its course. Thus, both what is given in the poem and what we learn in science are similar.

Question 5.
Why are the last two lines put within brackets?
Answer:
The last two lines of the poem have been put within brackets as they do not form a part of the conversation between the poet and the rain. The lines in the brackets indicate the reflections, observations and thoughts of the poet. He makes observations about the life course of a song and draws similarities between the life cycle of a song and the rain.

Question 6.
List the pairs of opposites found in the poem.
Answer:
The pairs of opposites are rise-descend; day-night; reck’d-unreck’d

II. Notice the following sentence patterns
(a) And who art thou? said I to the soft-falling shower.
(b) I am the Poem of Earth, said the voice of the rain.
(c) Eternal I rise.
(d) For song duly with love returns.
Rewrite the above sentences in prose.
Answer:
(a) I enquired the soft-falling shower about its identity.
(b) The voice of the rain answered, saying that it was the Poem of Earth.
(c) The voice of the rain explained its upward movement towards the sky as eternal.
(d) The poet says that, similar to the rain, a song starts from the heart of the singer, travels to reach others and, after fulfilling it purpose (whether cared for or not) returns to the singer with all due love.

III. Look for some more poems on the rain and see how this one is different from them
Answer:
Do it yourself.

The Voice Of The Rain Extract based Questions and Answers (2 Marks)

I. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
And who art thou? said I to the soft-falling shower,
Which, strange to tell, gave me an answer, as here translated:
I am the Poem of Earth, said the voice of the rain,
Question 1.
Who is T in the first line?
(a) The poet
(b) The land
(c) The sea
(d) The raindrops
Answer:
(a) The poet

Question 2.
What does the rain call itself? Why?
(a) The poet of the Earth
(b) The poem of the Earth
(c) The poem of the Sea
(d) The poet of the Sea
Answer:
The poem of the Earth

Question 3.
The word ‘thou’ in the extract is a ………. .
(a) noun
(b) verb
(c) preposition
(d) pronoun
Answer:
(d) pronoun

II. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
Eternal I rise impalpable out of the land and the bottomless sea,
Upward to heaven, whence, vaguely form’d, altogether changed, and yet the same,
Question 1.
What does the use of word ‘eternal’ indicate here?
(a) It indicates the continual process of rain
(b) It indicates the continual process of nature
(c) It indicates the discontinuous process of rain
(d) It indicates the discontinuous process of nature
Answer:
(a) It indicates the continual process of rain

Question 2.
From where does ‘I’ rise and where does it go?
(a) It rises in the form of droplets and goes to the sea
(b) It rises in the form of clouds and goes to the sky
(c) It rises in the form of water vapour and goes to the land
(d) It rises in the form of water vapour and goes to the sky
Answer:
(d) It rises in the form of water vapour and goes to the sky

Question 3.
Which word in the extract means the same as “in a way that is uncertain, indefinite or unclear”?
(a) Eternal
(b) Impalpable
(c) Vaguely
(d) Bottomless
Answer:
(c) Vaguely

III. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
I descend to lave the droughts, atomies, dust-layers of the globe,
And all that in them without me were seeds only, latent, unborn;
Question 1.
With what purpose does the rain descend from the sky?
(a) To trouble the creatures of the Earth
(b) To give life to the drought affected areas and plants
(c) To wash the dust layers enveloping the Earth
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer:
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Question 2.
What will happen if T was not there?
(a) It would result in happiness on the Earth
(b) It would not matter to the residents of the Earth
(c) The seeds will remain as seeds and plants will not grow
(d) It would result in the rise of temperature on Earth
Answer:
(c) The seeds will remain as seeds and plants will not grow

Question 3.
……….. is the opposite of ‘latent’.
(a) Inactive
(b) Manifest
(c) Dormant
(d) Resolute
Answer:
(b) Manifest

IV. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
And forever, by day and night, I give back life to my own origin,
And make pure and beautify it;
Question 1.
In what way does the rain help its place of origin?
(a) By causing floods
(b) By providing water to the drought stricken areas
(c) By washing away impurities from the Earth
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer:
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Question 2.
What is the importance of the word ‘forever’?
(a) It points to the everlasting features of artificial elements
(b) It points to the everlasting features of natural elements
(c) It points to the temporary features of natural elements
(d) It points to the temporary features of artificial elements
Answer:
(b) It points to the everlasting features of natural elements

Question 3.
……….. in the extract is the opposite of ‘ending’.
(a) By
(b) Back
(c) Origin
(d) Beginning
Answer:
(c) Origin

V. Read the extract given below and answer any two of the questions that follow.
(For song, issuing from its birth-place, after fulfilment, wandering Reck’d or unreck’d, duly with love returns.)
Question 1.
What is the similarity between a song and the rain?
(a) They return to their place of origin
(b) They are never ending
(c) They do not have any origin
(d) They are liked by one and all
Answer:
(a) They return to their place of origin

Question 2.
How has the poet been able to put his own reflections?
(a) By using quotation marks
(b) By using parenthesis or brackets
(c) By making notes in his diary
(d) By telling his friends about his experiences
Answer:
(b) By using parenthesis or brackets

Question 3.
For what purpose has the phrase ‘reck’d’ or ‘unreck’d’ used in the passage?
(a) For highlighting the author’s comments
(b) To indicate that rain or a song keep completing their life-cycle
(c) To indicate that rain or a song do not complete their life-cycle
(d) For making the poem interesting
Answer:
(b) To indicate that rain or a song keep completing their life-cycle

The Voice Of The Rain Short Questions and Answers (2 Marks)

Question 1.
Why does the poet get surprised when he gets an answer from the rain?
Answer:
The poet gets surprised when he gets an answer from the rain, as it is inanimate and cannot speak. In this poem, to the poet’s and reader’s amazement, the rain gives a reply which has been translated by the poet for the readers.

Question 2.
What answer does the rain give back to the poet?
Answer:
The rain answers to the poet’s question by telling him that it is the Poem of Earth and is involved in a continuing process of going up and coming down.

Question 3.
How does the rain justify its claim ‘I am the Poem of Earth’?
Answer:
The rain calls itself the Poem of the Earth because the poem rendered by the poet has the task of bringing joy, happiness, life to its readers.

Similarly when the rain falls down over Earth, a rhythm or music is created. That’s why the rain calls itself the Poem of Earth.

Question 4.
Describe the never ending cycle of rain.
Answer:
Water rises unperceived in the form of vapour from land and water bodies on the Earth. It goes up, takes the form of a cloud, changes its shape and falls down on Earth in the form .of water drops to bathe the small dust particles, land and sea. The water returns through rivers to oceans and seas after it rains on Earth.

Question 5.
Why does the rain call itself ‘impalpable’?
Answer:
Impalpable means something that cannot be felt by touching or seeing. When water takes the form of vapour, it is not visible to the human eye and nor can we feel its touch.

The vapour rises to the sky, condenses and forms clouds which cause rain. Though we are aware of its presence, the process remains invisible to us. Hence, the rain has rightly called itself ‘impalpable’.

Question 6.
What happens when it rains after a long hot spell?
Answer:
After a long hot spell, everything is dried up on Earth. When it rains, all the dust that has accumulated on Earth gets washed away, giving a new fresh look to nature.

Moreover the seeds which were lying latent till now, get germinated with the help of rain and new trees and plants start growing.

Question 7.
Latent seeds get a life by rain. Explain.
Answer:
The seeds lying on Earth require water to germinate and take shape. When it rains, the seeds start germinating and change into the form of saplings.

In this way, the seeds which would have dried up or get wasted get a new lease of life by rain.

Question 8.
Why is rain essential for Earth?
Answer:
If it doesn’t rain then Earth will remain parched, droughts will follow and the dust-layers will not be washed away. There will be nothing to quench the thirst of the plants and trees and their seeds will die.

Question 9.
How does the rain become the voice of Earth?
Answer:
In the poem, ‘The Voice of the Rain’, the poet describes how the rain falls on Earth. He also asks a question to the rain’about it. He calls the showers of the rain as ‘Poem of Earth’ as the rain gives a new lease of life to ‘ the scorched and parched Earth and falls on Earth in a rhythmic manner.

Actually, it is the voice of Earth as the slowly falling showers produce a very soft music and Earth finds its expression only through the showers falling on it.

Question 10.
Why do you think the poet says the phrase ‘reck’d or unreck’d’?
Answer:
The words have been poetically drafted. Reck’d and unreck’d stand for reckoned and unreckoned. The words literally mean cared and uncared for respectively. The poet says these words to emphasise the fact that when it falls on the Earth, we sometimes take notice of it or sometimes completely ignore it. But even if it is left uncared for, it completes its destiny and returns to absorbed where it started from.

Question 11.
Justify the title ‘The Voice of the Rain’.
Answer:
The whole poem is about the eternal process of rain and its benefits. Through the words of the rain, the poet has tried to bring out the importance of rain for Earth, for plants and for man. As the poet is translating what the rain is speaking through its own language (the sounds it makes when it falls), the whole poem is about the rain talking to the poet. Thus, the title is justified.

Question 12.
The poem has a conversational tone throughout. Who are the two participants? Is there any advantage of this method?
Answer:
The two participants are the poet and the voice of the rain which answers the poet’s questions. The advantage of this method is to maintain continuity of thoughts and ideas expressed by the poet and to bring about clarity in what he wants to express.

The Voice Of The Rain Long Questions and Answers (6 Marks)

Question 1.
The poem ‘The Voice of the Rain’ gives a hidden message that rain is essential for this Earth. Write an article in 120-150 words describing the importance of rain.
Answer:

Importance of Rain
by Ali Jawed

As we all know, the three essentials for survival are water, food and air. The most important element of weather is water. We get water in different forms of precipitation but rain is the most beneficial of all types of precipitation.

Rain helps in harvesting our crops that give us food to eat. Without rain, no crops would grow and we would perish. Also, falling showers remove the dust in air, making our air clean, because we need clean air to breathe.

Rain water plays a key role in creating the climate of certain areas. Its presence in the atmosphere provides replenishment of the moisture in cloud systems.

The most well-known and most important effect of rain water is to provide us with water to drink. Without rain, there would be no life.

Question 2.
Rain is an eternal process benefiting mankind. Contrast it with human life which is short lived on this Earth. Should we disturb these eternal elements of nature?
Answer:
The poem ‘The Voice of the Rain’ beautifully shows the continued process of rain which sounds like music to human ears, as it fulfils our needs.

It is an ever going process which sustains human life and provides us with food, pure air and green cover. On the other hand, human lives are mortal.

We come on this Earth for a short period and then depart without leaving any mark on this planet.

Moreover human beings, for their greed and selfish motives, indulge in destructive activities which may disturb these eternal processes of nature.

We must learn a lesson from nature. If we want peaceful co-existence, we need not disturb the balance of nature, otherwise the whole of humanity will be in danger.

We must learn a lesson from such eternal processes and do something good for humanity at large.

Question 3.
Natural elements such as air and rain make no discrimination and bless everyone equally. Comment on class distinction and inequality, which is a totally human creation.
Answer:
Man’s existence on this Earth is short-lived but even in this short span, he has been responsible for many wrong doings against other human beings. God has created everyone as equal. But it is very unfortunate that man has divided this society on the basis of class, caste and other factors.

Man must learn from elements of nature which provide us fresh air, heat or water, without making any distinction.

But in human society class distinctions and caste distinctions both exist and inequalities prevail in large numbers.

It is high time that man must learn lessons from nature and adopt universal brotherhood for the betterment of our society.

The Why – Why Girl Question and Answers

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 6 Peasants and Farmers

Textbook Exercises

Question 1.
Explain briefly what the open field system meant to rural people in eighteenth-century England.
Look at the system from the point of view of:
(i) A rich farmer
(ii) A labourer
(iii) A peasant women.
Answer:
(i) A Rich Farmer—
The open field system, as it prevailed in the 18th century England meant for a rich farmer to cultivate on its own allotted strip, everyone having his own, a mix of good and bad land:

(ii) A Labourer—
A labourer looked at the open field system as a wage-earner. He would get the value of his labour without being exploited.

(iii) A Peasant Woman—
The peasant woman, in the open field system, would help the peasant, worked for him in the household, collected fuelwood for fire, and. fruit for food.

Question 2.
Explain briefly the factors which led to the enclosures in England.
Answer:
The following are some of the factors which led to the enclosures in England.

1. When the price of wool Went up in the world market in the sixteenth century, rich farmers Wanted to expand wool production to earn profits.
2. The rich farmers thought that the improved breeding of sheep would help them earn more profit. So they drought the compact blocks of land were more profitable.
3. Dividing and: enclosing the common land and building hedges around their holdings were measures that made enclosures possible.
4. Rich farmers drove out the poor villagers who had small cottages on the common land, preparing, ground for the enclosures.

Question 3.
Why were the threshing machines opposed by the poor in England?
Answer:
The poor in England were opposed to the use of threshing machines because they would, oust them of their jobs, and create, in the process, unemployment.

Question 4.
Who was Captain Swing? What did the name symbolise or represent?
Answer:
Captain Swing was a mythic name. The name symbolised or represented a leader who was opposed to the use of threshing machines, in wheat production. As the threshing machines would throw thousands of poor peasants and labourers out of job, Captain Swing and his rioters used violence to show their anger and opposition for the threshing machines.

Question 5.
What was the impact of the westward Expansion of settlers in the USA?
Answer:
The impact of the westward expansion of settlers in the USA was very significance. As. the: settlers moved westward, they established control up to the west coast, and in the process, drove and displaced the local tribes, carving the entire landscape into different agricultural belts. As a result of these agricultural belts, the US-dominated the world market in agricultural produce.

Question 6.
What were the advantages and disadvantages of the use of mechanical harvesting machines in the USA?
Answer:
Advantages :
By the mechanical harvesting machines, used in the USA, about 500 acres of wheat of could b’e harvested in two week’s time. These also helped the farmers to clear large tracts, break up the soil, remove the grass and prepare the ground for cultivation. With power-driven machinery, four men could plough, seed and harvest 2000 to 4000 acres of wheat in a season,

Disadvantages :
Such machines meant misery for the poorer farmers. The poorer farmers bought these machines on credit; they could not pay back the loan as the prices of the wheat did not rise as they had expected. They had to desert their small farms and looked for jobs elsewhere. Thus, for poorer peasants, these machines were a liability.

Question 7.
What lessons can we draw from the conversion of the countryside in the USA from a bread basket to a dust bowl?
Answer:
The conversion of the countryside in the USA from a bread basket to a dust bowl give us numerous lessons. Some of these are:

1. The entire landscape should not have ploughed over. It was precisely this that brought in black blizzards.
2. Expansion of wheat production should not have been a ground to uproot all vegetation, breaking thus the sod into dust.
3. The ecological conditions should be respected, or else the nature responds, responds very heavily as it did in the US, turning a land of plenty into a nightmare.

Question 8.
Write a paragraph on why the British insisted on fanners growing opium in India.
Answer:
Opium trade with China was profitable for the English East India. Such a trade, for the British, meant huge profits.

The returns from opium sale, financed the. tea purchases in China. Hence, the British wanted Indian cultivators to grow opium. But it was unprofitable for the cultivators in India to grow opium.

Question 9.
Why were the Indian farmers reluctant to grow opium?
Answer:
The prices given to the peasants for the purchase of opium were so low that the peasants thought it unprofitable to grow opium. The colonial government, on the other hand, wanted to give The peasants as minimum as possible and seek as maximum a price as was possible.

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 6 Peasants and Farmers.

Read More: An indian farmer paragraph

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 3 Save the Tiger are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 3 Save the Tiger.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 3 Chapter 3
Chapter Name	Save the Tiger
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 3 Save the Tiger

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 63)

Question 1.
What is your opinion about ‘Animals behind bars’ ? Share your views with the class.
Answer :
My opinion about ‘Animals behind bars’ is rather sad. I see them as prisoners who have been snatched out of their natural habitat and their own families. They can’t move as they like. But they have to walk in the iron cages which are now their homes. This way they are virtual prisoners in them. So their ‘freedom’ has been snatched away from them and it is the most atrocious. That’s why, we can see their weak bodies and blank faces. They live but in a dying way.

Their pathetic condition can be felt by placing ourselves in a dying way. Thus these animals behind bars need to be released in the wild at once. But it seems a far-fetched wish.

Question 2.
Read through the poem and quickly make a note of any thoughts that come to you, while you are reading it.

Dispute :
A man and a tiger once had a dispute, Which was reckoned greater, the man or the brute. The tiger discoursed on his side at some length, And greatly enlarged on his courage and strength, Said the man, ‘Don’t be prating; look yonder, I pray, At that sculpture of marble: now what will you say? The tiger is vanquished; but as for the man, He is striding upon him: deny if you can.’ ‘But pray,’ said the tiger, ‘Who sculptured that stone? ‘One of us,’ said the man. ‘I must candidly own.’ ‘But when we are sculptors,’ the other replied, ‘You will then on the man see the tiger astride.’ Anonymous.
Answer :
No question asked.

Question 3.
Answer the following questions by ticking the correct options :
1. What was the cause of the dispute between the tiger and the man ?
(a) to establish who was superior.
(b) to prove beasts were inferior.
(c) to justify that beasts should be caged.
(d) to prove that man was more intelligent.

2. What did the man do to prove his point ?
(a) he caged the tiger.
(b) he carved a statue of a man riding a tiger.
(c) he put the tiger in a cage.
(d) he enslaved the tiger.

3. What was the tiger’s counter-argument ?
(а) he said that he was the king of the jungle.
(б) he claimed he ruled the world.
(c) he said the situation would be reversed if he was the sculptor.
(d) he threatened to devour the man in a moment.
Answer :
1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)

Question 4.
In pairs discuss the qualities and characteristics of the tiger and the man. Complete the web charts.


Answer :
To be discussed in pair. Some answers are given below :

Question 5.
Working in groups of four, write a dialogue between :

• A tiger behind bars and a man
• A man in a cage and a tiger

Answer :
For working in groups of four. One type of dialogue is given below :
Man to the tiger in the cage : Hai ! see how I have caged you !
Tiger : Yes, but one day I shall set you in my place.
Tiger to man in the cage : Hai ! how do you feel being caged like this ?
Man : I wonder how you have done this !
Tiger : Now tell who is stronger ?
Man : Time will tell.
Tiger : Now you see how I felt when I was forced to be in the cage. Loss of freedom is like a living death.
Man : We are the rulers and shall reverse this situation…

Question 6.
Listen to the extract on Tigers and as you listen, complete the summary given below.
Save Tigers :
The price of human greed is being paid by yet another animal species the Tiger. Today the tiger population is getting depleted at an alarming rate. According to a recent survey, one tiger is being poached everyday. If the present state of affairs is allowed to continue, the next generation will not get to see the majestic animal even in the zoo.

It is high time that action is taken to protect and conserve the tigers in order to maintain the ecological balance. Stringent laws against poachers must be enforced. It is over 40 yrs since the tigers became our national animal. As a result, the species was to be protected. Ironically, they are closer to the edge of extinction now than ever before. Children, scientists, conservationists, NGOs and institutions in India and world wide have put their heart and soul into trying to save the tiger. Yet there is little we all have been able to do. The responsibility and the power of protection lies with the government, specifically the forest department.

Let us not forget that if we destroy nature, ultimately we will be destroyed ourselves. Tiger, an apex predator is an indicator of our ecosystem’s health. Saving the tiger means we save the forest, since tiger cannot live in places where trees have vanished, and in turn secure food and water for all.

Tigers are now an endangered species. Today there are about 5000 to 7,400 left in the world. Three types of tigers – The Bali, Javan and Caspian tigers have become extinct. The two reasons why tigers are endangered are: Habitat loss and illegal killing.

Illegal Killing :
One of the most important aspects to recognise in threatening our national animal is poaching. Tigers are killed to make rugs and coats out of their skins. In many Asian cultures medicines made from tiger’s parts are believed to cure diseases.

Habitat Loss :
Forests where tigers live are cut by humans for farming, building houses and roads. This leads to tigers becoming homeless and foodless. Since other animals also die when forests are cut, it leads to tigers becoming weak and ultimately dying.

Project Tiger :
Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation project initiated in India in 1972 to protect the Bengal Tigers. It was launched on April 1, 1973 and has become one of the most successful wild life conservation ventures. The project aims at Tiger conservation in specially constituted Tiger reserves representative of various bio – geographical regions through out India. It strives to maintain a viable conservation reliant on tiger population in their natural environment.

Project Tiger was Indira Gandhi’s pet project. The main achievements of this project are excellent recovery of the habitat and consequent increase in the tiger population in the reserve areas, from a mere 268 in 7 reserves in 1972 to above one thousand in 28 reserves in 2006.

Tigers being at the apex of the food chain can be considered as the indicator of the integrity of the eco system. They can be found in a wide range of habitats, from the evergreen and monsoon forests of the Indo-Malayan realm to the mixed coniferous – deciduous woodlands of the Russian Far east and the mangrove swamps of the Sundarbans, shared by India and Bangladesh.

Tigers are mostly nocturnal but in the northern part of its range, the Siberian subspecies may also be active during the day at winter-time. All wild tigers live in Asia, others live in the humid jungles of Sumatra. The body length is 140 – 280 cm and the tail length is 60 to 95 cm. The upper part of the animal ranges from reddish orange to ochre and the under parts all whitish. The body has a series of black striations of black to dark grey colour.
Answer :
No question asked.

Question 7.
Fill in the blanks :

1.  The next generation is not likely to see the tiger because of.
2. laws against poachers must be enforced.
3. The responsibility of protection of the tiger lies with the
4. One of the reasons for the Tiger becoming extinct is
5. Destroying nature means
6. ….., ….., and are different types of tigers.
7. is a wild life conservation project.
8. Tigers are found in the evergreen and monsoon forests of the
9. Though tigers are mostly nocturnal, species may also be active during the day.
10. The body length of the tiger is cm.

Answer :

1. depletion of tiger population/extinction of tigers
2. Stringent
3. government, specifically the forest department
4. poaching/habitat loss
5. destroying ourselves
6. The Bali, Javan and Caspian tigers
7. ‘Project Tiger’
8. Indo-Malayan realm
9. Siberian sub
10. 140-280

Question 8.
Read the information given below. Do you know that tigers are the biggest cats in the world? There are five different kinds or sub-species of tiger alive in the world today. Tigers are called Panthera tigris in Latin, Bagh in Hindi & Bengali, Kaduva in Malayalam & Pedda Puli in Telugu.
Total Population of Tigers in the world :


Extinct Species :

1. P.t. virgata (Caspian Tiger)
2. P.t. sondaica (Javan Tiger
3. P.t. balica (Bali Tiger)

Tiger in Trouble :
Since some tiger parts are used in traditional medicine, the tiger is in danger. Apart from its head being used as a trophy to decorate walls, tigers are also hunted for the following.
Head : As a trophy on the wall.
Brain : To cure laziness and pimples.
Teeth : For rabies, asthma and sores.
Blood : For strengthening the constitution and will power.
Fat : For vomiting, dog bites, bleeding haemorrhoids and scalp ailments in children.
Skin : To treat mental illness and to make fur coats.
Whiskers : For toothache.

Question 9.
After reading the information given in C.8, complete the table given below by
filling in the blank spaces.

Answer :
(a) China
(b) 12
(c) 20
(d) 2500
(e) 3800
(f) 30
(g) Sumatra
(h) 500

Question 10.
‘Massive poaching in the past two years has wiped out the entire tiger population at one of the tiger reserves in India,’ says one of the investigation reports. Study the information in C.7 and C.8 and notice how the number of tigers are falling. Using the information, write a paragraph in about 150 words on Project Tiger.
Answer :
Project Tiger :
It is sad that the next generation may not see the tiger if poaching goes on as it is today. Govt, must check it, otherwise we shall see a threatening to our existence too. Three species of tiger—The Bali, Javan and Caspian—are already extinct. ‘Project Tiger’ is a good project to save this species.

A tiger covers ten metres in its horizontal leap. Most tigers have more than 100 stripes and no tigers have identical stripes. The roar of a tiger can be heard from more than a mile away. Tigers are largely muscular. They rely on stealth and power rather than on speed to kill their prey.

There are different species of tigers. China has Amur subspecies of tigers. Their number ranges from minimum 12 to maximum 20. It has another species called Indo-Chinese (N.E.) whose number varies from 415 to 476. Sumatran Tigers range from 400 to 500 in number.

‘Project Tiger’ aims at saving the tiger from extinction. Tigers are at the head of the food chain and very indispensable for the maintenance of the ecological balance of nature. This ensures life to all.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 3 Save the Tiger help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 3 Save the Tiger, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

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