Industries Class 8 Questions and Answers Geography Chapter 5
Geography Class 8 Chapter 5 NCERT Textbook Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Trace the journey of your shirt from a cotton field to your wardrobe.
Answer:
First of all, the farmer grows cotton crops in the fields by the process of sowing. The plant slowly grows and bears flower from a bud. These buds are plucked and a flurry like substance is separated from them. Through the process of spinning the thread is made from separating within seeds. It is either done by hand or using looms. Now a days modern machines are used as looms. After weaving the cotton cloth it is sent to whole sellers. From whole sellers it is sent to retailers. From retailers we buy this cloth and give it to a tailor for stitching. From the tailor, the shirt is ready for use. In this way is the journey of a shirt from a cotton field to our wardrobe.
Question 2.
Give some examples of agro-based industries.
Answer:
- Sugar Industry,
- Cotton Industry,
- Paper Industry, etc.
Question 3.
Find out the inputs, outputs and processes involved in the manufacture of a leather shoe.
Answer:
Inputs — Hides, skin of animals, etc.
Output — Finished goods such as shoes
Processes — Scanning, washing, pressing, straightening, etc.
Question 4.
On an outline map of India, locate the places that supply raw materials to TISCO.
Answer:
Question 5.
On an outline map of India, locate the places which provide raw material to cotton textile industry of Oscar.
Answer:
The main raw material of cotton textile industry is cotton. For Osaka textile, cotton is imported from India, USA and Egypt.
Question 6.
Bangalore has some important public sectors and research institution. Find out the full forms of the organisations listed below. BEL, BHEL, HAL, NAL, DRDO, ISRO, ITI, IISc, NCBS, and USA.
Answer:
BEL – Bharat Electronics Limited
BHEL – Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited
HAL – Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
NAL – National Aluminium Limited
DRDO – Directorate of Research and Development Organisation
ISRO – Indian Space Research Organisation
ITI – Industrial Training Institute
IISc – Indian Institute of Science
Question 7.
Answer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
(ii) Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
(iii) Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?
(iv) Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
(v) What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?
Answer:
(i) The term industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or provision of services.
(ii) The location of industries is affected by the availability of raw materials, land, labour, water, power, capital transport and market.
(iii) The iron and steel industry is referred to as the backbone of modern industry because it is a ‘feeder’ industry whose products are used as raw materials for other industries.
(iv) The cotton textile industry expanded rapidly in Mumbai because of the presence of favourable climate. The warm and moist climate, a port situated nearby for shipping, easy availability of raw materials and skilled labour are the factors which helped expand cotton textile industry in Mumbai.
(v) Some points of similarity between information technology industry in Bangalore and California are as follows.
(a) Environment: Both Bangalore and California have a clean environment with very less pollution.
(b) Educational and Technological Institutions : Bangalore has the largest number of educational institutions and IT colleges in India. California, too, is situated to some reputed scientific and technological centres of the world.
Question 8.
Tick the correct answer.
(i) Silicon Vally is located in
(a) Bangalore
(b) California
(c) Ahmedabad.
Answer:
(b) California
(ii) Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?
(a) Iron and Steel Industry
(b) Cotton Textile
(c) Information Technology
Answer:
(c) Information Technology
(iii) Which one of the following is a national fibre?
(a) nylon
(b) jute
(c) acrylic
Answer:
(b) jute
Question 9.
Distinguish between the following :
(i) Agro-based and mineral-based industry.
Answer:
| Agro-based Industry | Mineral-based Industry |
| 1. These industries use plant and animal based products as their raw material. | 1. There industries use mineral ore as their raw materials. |
| 2. Example : sugar industry, cotton industry, animal skin, etc. | 2. Example : iron ore, limestone, iron and steel industry, etc. |
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry.
Answer:
| Public Sector Industry | Joint Sector Industry |
| 1. These industries are owned and run by the government. | 1. These industries are owned and operated by the state as well as individuals. |
| 2. Example : Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, BHEL, etc. | 2. Example : Maruti Udyog. |
Question 10.
Give two examples of the following in the space provided.
(i) Raw material : ………… and ………… .
(ii) End products : ………… and ………… .
(iii) Tertiary Activities : ………… and ………… .
(iv) Agro-based industries : ………… and ………… .
(v) Cottage industries : ………… and ………… .
(vi) Co-operative : ………… and ………… .
Answer:
(i) Ores, plant.
(ii) Cloth, Car.
(iii) Banking, Insurance.
(iv) Cotton industry, Sugar industry.
(v) Basket weaving, pottery.
(vi) Amul, Sudha Dairy.
Question 11.
Activity
How to identify a location for establishing an industry :
Divide your class into groups. Each group is a Board of Directors faced with the problem of choosing a suitable site for an iron and steel plant of Developen Dweep. A team of technical experts has submitted a report with notes and a map. The team considered access to iron ore, coal, water and limestone, as well as the main market, sources of labour and port facilities. The team has suggested two sites, X and Y. The Board of Directors has to take the final decision about where to locate the steel plant.
- Read the report submitted by the team.
- Study the map to find out the distances of the resources from each site.
- Give each resource a ‘weight’ from 1 to 10, according to its importance. The greater the ‘pull’ of the factor on the industry the higher the weight from 1 to 10.
- Complete the table on the next page.
- The site with the lowest total should be the most satisfactory site.
- Remember each group of directors can decide differently.
Report
Factors/Resources affecting the location of a proposed Iron and Steel
Plant on Developen Dweep.
- Iron ore : This is a very large deposit of low grade iron ore. Long distance transportation of the ore would be uneconomic.
- Coal : The only coalfield contains rich deposits of high grade coal. Transpor¬tation of the coal is by railway, which is relatively cheap.
- Limestone : This is widely available over the island, but the purest deposits are in the Chuna Mountains.
- Water : Both the tributaries of River Neel carry sufficient water to supply a large iron and steel plant in all seasons. The sea water because of its high salt content is unsuitable.
- Market : It is expected that the chief market for the Plant’s products will be the engineering works of Rajdhanipur. Transport costs for the products-mainly small steel bars and light steel plates would be relatively low.
- Labour supply : This will have to be recruited mainly from the unskilled workers in the 3 fishing villages of Hil, Rah and Sing. It is expected that most workers will commute daily from their present homes.
- Port facilities : These are at present minimal. There is a good, deep natural harbour at port Paschimpur developed to import metal alloys.
*the larger the pull, the higher the weighting
Answer:
