Confronting Marginalisation Class 8 Questions and Answers Civics Chapter 8
Civics Class 8 Chapter 8 NCERT Textbook Questions and Answers
Question 1.
State one reason why you think reservations play an important role in providing social justice to Dalits and Adivasis?
Answer:
Reservations create special opportunities for Dalits and Adivasis to remain in the mainstream of society.
Question 2.
Complete the following Table :
| List of schemes | What is this scheme about? | How do you think it will help promote social justice? |
| Scholarship for students | ||
| Special Police Stations | ||
| Special Schemes for girls in government schools |
Answer:
| List of schemes | What is this scheme about? | How do you think it will help promote social justice? |
| Scholarship for students | This scheme will provide financial assistance to the weaker sections of the society such as SCs, and ST. | It will promote education among them and will bring them equal to others. |
| Special Police Stations | Special police stations for SCs and STs. | It will dispose of their cases faster and without biased. |
| Special Schemes for girls in government schools | Scholarship to girls and also free education to them. | More girls will be interested to go to school and promote their consciousness to education. |
Question 3.
In your opinion does the force put on Rathnam to perform this ritual violate his Fundamental Right?
Answer:
Yes, it will certainly violate his Fundamental Rights.
Question 4.
Why do you think that Dalit families were afraid of argesing the powerful castes?
Answer:
Dalit families were afraid that they would be killed if they dared to anger the powerful castes.
Question 5.
Can you list two different provisions in the 1989 Act.
Answer:
Two different provisions in the 1989 Act are :
- To occupy land that were taken from Dalits and Adivasis.
- Not to allow further forced displacement.
Question 6.
What do you understand by manual scaverging?
Answer:
The practice of removing human and animal excreta or waste, using brooms, tin plates and baskets from dry latrines and carrying it on the head to the disposal grounds at some distance is referred to as manual scavenging.
Question 7.
Re-read the list of Fundamental Right provided on page 14 (T.B.) and list two rights this practice violates?
Answer:
The two rights that the practice of manual scavenging violates are:
- Right to Equality
- Right against Exploitation
Question 8.
Why did the Safai Karamchari Andolan file a PIL in 2003? What did they complain about in their petition?
Answer:
The Safai Karamchari Andolan filed a PIL in 2003 in order to ban the practice of manual scavenging.
In their petition, they complained that manual scavenging still existed and it continued in government undertakings like the railways. They sought enforcement of their Fundamental Rights.
Question 9.
What did the Supreme Court do on hearing their case in 2005?
Answer:
The Supreme Court on hearing their case in 2005, directed every department/ ministry of the Union government and state governments to verify the facts within six months. If manual scaverging was found to exist, then the government department has to activity take up a time-bound programme for their liberation and rehabitilation.
Question 10.
List two Fundamental Rights in the constitution that Dalits can draw upon to insist that they be treated with dignity and as equals. Re-read the Fundamental Rights listed on page 14 (T.B) to help you answer this question.
Answer:
The two Fundamental Rights are:
- Right to Equality
- Right to against Exploitation
Question 11.
Re-read the story on Rathnam as well as the provisions of the 1989 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. Now list one reason why you think he used this law to file a complaint.
Answer:
The law provides protection to Dalits and Adivasis. For this reason, Rathnam sought the support of this law.
Question 12.
Why do Adivasis activists, including C.K Janu, believe that Adivasis can also use this 1989 Act to fight against dispossession? Is there anything specific in the provisions of the Act that allows her to believe this?
Answer:
The 1989 Act guarantees Adivasis not to be dispossessed from their traditionals homelands. The land belonging to Adivasis cannot be sold to or bought by non-tribal people. The constitution guarantees the right of tribal people to re-possess their land in cases where this has happened.
Question 13.
The poems and the song in this Unit allow you to see the range of ways in which individuals and communities express their opinions, their anger and their sorrow. In class, do the following two exercises.
1. Bring to class a poem that discusses a social issue. Share this with your classmates. Work in small groups with two more poems to discuss their meaning as well as what the poet is trying to communicate.
2. Identify a marginalised community in your locality. Write a poem, or song, or draw a poster etc. to express your feelings as a member of this community.
Answer:
- Frame a poem of your own and do the activity which this question asks you to do.
- Yes. The marginalized community in our locality is the scheduled caste community. Now frame a poem or song or draw a poster, etc. to express your feelings as a member of this community.
Hints: A Poster
- An SC member wants to enter a Hindu Temple.
- The Priest asks him not to do so.
- Visitors to the temple belonging to Hindu powerful people beat the SC member and throw him away out of the gate of the temple.