NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Understanding Marginalisation

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Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Questions and Answers Civics Chapter 7

Civics Class 8 Chapter 7 NCERT Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Explain at least three different reasons why groups may be marginalised.
Answer:
Groups may be marginalised according to the following reasons :

  1. They follow different customs
  2. They speal-different languages
  3. They are poor and illiterate.

Question 2.
Why was Dadu forced to leave his village in Orissa?
Answer:
Dadu was forced to leave his village in Orissa because the company men took his land for mining iron ore.

Question 3.
What metals are important in present-day India? Why? Where do they come from? Are there Adivasi populations there?
Answer:
Metals important in present day India are iron, copper, aluminium, lead, etc.

  1. These metals are used for various purposes and increase the economy of the country.
  2. These metals come from the states of Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chottanagpur Plateau, etc.
  3. Very few.

Question 4.
List five products that you see at home that come from the forest.
Answer:

  1. Fruits
  2. Timber
  3. Lac
  4. Gum
  5. Honey

Question 5.
By whom were the following demands being made on forest land?
• timber for construction of homes and railways
• forest land for mining
• forest land for agriculture by non-tribal people
• reserved by government as wildlife parts.
Answer:
(a) The demands given above were made by the British government in India.

Question 6.
In what ways would this effect tribal people?
Answer:
This would affect the livelihood of the tribal people. They would have to move to other places in search of food and jobs.

Question 7.
What do you think the poem (given in textbook) is trying to convey?
Answer:
The poem portrays the hardship, torture, and ill treatment of the Adivasis under the British. They came to Assam for jobs but were treated harshly by the Britishers.

Question 8.
In your opinion, why is it important that Adivasis should have a say in how their forests and forest lands are used?
Answer:
Adivasis are the original habitants of forests. Thus, they have been directly affected by the decision of the government agencies.

Question 9.
Why do we need safeguards for minorities?
Answer:
We need safeguards for minorities in order to protect them from being dominated by the majority.

Question 10.
Read.the data related to schooling provided by the Sachchar Committee Report:
• 25 per cent of Muslim children in the 6-14 year age group have either never been enrolled in school or have dropped out. This percentage is much higher than that of any other socio-religious community.
Do you think special measures are required to address this situation?
Answer:
Yes, special measures are required to address the situation. The government should give some privileges to these communities.

I live in a Muslim-dominated area. Some days back during Ramzan there was some disturbance that started taking a communal outlook. My brother and I had gone for an Iftar party in the neighbourhood and were dressed in traditional clothes, that is sherwani and salwar kameez respectively. On returning home, my brother and I were asked to change our clothes to jeans and T-shirt.

Now when everything is fine I wonder what was the reason that we were asked to change our clothes and why I didn’t find it odd. Were our clothes giving away our identity and is that identity linked to all kinds of fears and discrimination?

Question 11.
The above essay has been written by a child around your age. What do you think shy is trying to convey?
Answer:
To avoid any tension, people of some society are very keen to hide their identity. Some typical dresses signify some particular communities. The dresses become their identity. Sometimes people try to avoid such dresses so that they cannot be targeted by the opposing group at the time of communal tension.

Question 12.
Write in your own words two or more sentences of what you understand by the word ‘Marginalisation’.
Answer:
Marginalisation means to access (or to be pushed) to marginal position or status. It is linked to experiencing disadvantage, prejudice and powerlessness. It results to certain minority (such as Muslims) or Dalits (particularly among the Hindus) in having a low social status and not having equal access to education and other resources.

Question 13.
List two reasons why Adivasis are becoming increasingly Marginalised.
Answer:

  1. Adivasis love to lead their life in their own way, without any interference from the other.
  2. They usually resist changes or new ideas.

Question 14.
Write one reason why you think the constitutions safeguards to protect minority communities are very important?
Answer:
The Constitution’s safeguards to protect because they are numerically small in relation to the rest of the population and therefore they may be dominated by the majority communities.

Question 15.
Re-read the section on minorities and marginalisation. What do you understand by the term minority?
Answer:
The term minority is most commonly used to refer to communities that are numerically small in relation to the rest of the population. It also encompasses issue of power, access to resources and has social and cultural dimensions.

Question 16.
You are participating in a debate where you have to provide reasons to support the following statement :
Muslims are a marginalised community using the data provided in this chapter, list two reasons that you would give.
Answer:
Two reasons are:

  1. Muslims are deprived of basic amenities such as water, electricity, etc.
  2. They have little access to education.

Question 17.
Imagine that you are watching the Republic Day parade on TV with a friend and she remarks, “ Look at these tribals. They look so exotic. And they seem to be dancing all the time”. List three things that you would tell about the lives of Adivasis in India.
Answer:
Three things about the lives of Adivasis in India:

  1. They love to wear colourful dresses
  2. They are very close to forests
  3. They have their own languages, Santhali is one of them.

Question 18.
In the story board you read about how Helen hopes to make a movie on the Adivasi story. Can you help her by developing a story on Adivasis?
Answer:
Yes, I can help her by developing a short story on Adivasis.

  1. I will tell her how a foreign company has planned to established a metal company in an area of Adivasis.
  2. They are forced to move in very large number to various areas of India. A man and his girl friend decide to make an association. They approach to district authority, state government and lastly to central government.
  3. Under their leadership, the Adivasis demand three things—(Forest, water and livelihood). After a long struggle, the Human Rights Commission comes forward and their demands are accepted. They are handed over fairly large forest-lands, supply of water and they are given employment in companies some newly started small industries, etc.

Question 19.
Would you agree with the statement that economic and social marginalisa-tion are interlinked? Why?
Answer:
Yes, I do agree with the statement because economic condition of a man affects his social status. His social recognition is assessed by his economic base.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science

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