NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

Textbook Exercises

1. Multiple choice questions.

Question 1.
Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Answer:
(b) Plantation Agriculture

Question 2.
Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Millets
(c) Gram
(d) Cotton
Answer:
(c) Gram

Question 3.
Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) Pulses
(b) Millets
(b) Jawar
(d) Sesamum
Answer:
(a) Pulses

Question 4.
Which one of the following is announced by the government in support of a crop?
(a) Maximum support price
(b) Minimum support price
(c) Moderate support price
(d) Influential support price
Answer:
(b) Minimum support price

2. Answer the following questions in 30 words.

Question 1.
Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Answer:
Tea is an important beverage crop. The geographical conditions for the growth of this crop are fertile well-drained soil, warm and moist frost-free climate, frequent showers.

Question 2.
Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Answer:
Rice is the staple crop of India. It is grown in the plains of north, and northeastern India, coastal area and the delta regions.

Question 3.
Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
Answer:
Some of the institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of the farmers are as under:

  • Crop insurance against drought, flood, fire etc.
  • Establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies;
  • As the land under cultivation is being reduced.

Question 4.
The land under cultivation has been reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?
Answer:
As the land under cultivation is being reduced day by day, its consequences are, indeed, serious: food scarcity may lead to food crisis.

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

Question 1.
Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
Answer:
Following the lackadaisical approach adopted towards the land reforms, the government has taken initiatives to improve agriculture in the 1960s and 1970s. Green Revolution based on package technology and White Revolution (Operation Flood) were some of the techniques initiated to improve the lot of Indian agriculture.

But, this too led to the concentration of development in few selected areas. Therefore, in the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programm was initiated, which included both institutional and technical reforms. Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease, establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and Banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at a lower rate of interest were some important steps in this direction.

Question 2.
How did the partition of the country in 1947 affect the Jute industry?
Answer:
India was partitioned into two dominions in 1947: India and Pakistan. East Pakistan, consisting of East Bengal and a part of Assam, was rich in jute. Jute is called the green fibre. With large jute producing areas having gone to Pakistan, Indian; trade-in Jute industry was adversely affected.

She faced a lot of competition from Pakistan in the international market. Obviously, India suffered losses and tough competition. There was an adverse balance of trade owing to the loss of profit earlier achieved through jute export.

Question 3.
Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.
Answer:
Globalisation aims at integrating the national economy of one country with that of the world. Globalisation in fact is based on the philosophy of free and open international trade. Globalisation has now freed different countries from entering into negotiated trade agreements with the other countries of the world.

India earlier used to give artificial protection to farmers for their limited products and discouraged competition. Globalisation on the other hand ensures that good quality goods at competitive prices alone will survive in the market. Hence Indian farmers have been exposed to the new industrial environment.

Globalisation in fact has changed the overall economic scenario. In this changed scenario, the Indian farmers have to make a better use of our favourable climatic and soil conditions. India has relatively inexpensive abunant human labour.

In this new scenario, every effort will have to be made to raise the efficiency of the Indian farmers and equip them with new and advanced tool, implements and machines to enable them to compete with their counterparts in the advanced countries of the world.

Due to the globalisation, Indian agriculture now has a better access to the reasonable and abundant capital from different parts of the world.

Globalisation is likely to pay us in the long run. In fact patience and hard work alone may help us to sermount difficult challenges, which we are now-faced with.

In order to stand in the global competition, India has to use its vast potential of agriculture in a systematic and planned manner. We also must develop the techniques which the developed countries have been using. Use of biotechnology may be one such step. Another step is to create an unrestricted national market. We also should develop a well-knit infrastructure, to stand equal to the global community.

Question 4.
Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rise.
Answer:
Rice is the staple crop of the majority of the people of India. It is, therefore, the staple crop of India. India is the second-largest producer of rice in the world after China.
Rice is a Kharif crop. The geographical conditions necessary for the growth of rice are as under:-

  • High temperature, i.e., above 25°C
  • High humidity
  • Annual rainfall above 100cm.

Activity

Solve the puzzle by following your search horizontally and vertically to find the hidden answers.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture 1

Question 1.
The two staple food crops of India.
Answer:
Rice,

Question 2.
This is the summer cropping season of India.
Answer:
Zaid,

Question 3.
Pulses like arhar, moong, gram, urad contain.
Answer:
Millets,

Question 4.
It is a coarse grain.
Answer:
Jowar, bajra, ragi,

Question 5.
The two important beverages in India are,…
Answer:
Tea, Coffee,

Question 6.
One of the four major fibres frown on Black soils.
Answer:
Cotton

Students are advised to search the rest.

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture.

Leave a Comment