Practice MCQ Questions on Earth | GK Questions on Earth with Answers

Answer: Option C
Explanation : At about 11 a.m. EDT (1500 GMT) on the Fourth of July, the Earth will reach that point in its orbit where it is farthest from the sun called aphelion, this location in Earth’s orbit puts the planet about 94.5 million miles (152 million kilometers) from the sun.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Seasonal contrast are maximum in mid latitude.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The geostationary orbit of the earth is at a distance of about 36000 km from the earth’s surface.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : A radio broadcast from Delhi on Monday at 7.30 p.m. is heard at New York on the same day at 7:30 a.m..

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The position of the sun is annually twice overhead at Singapore because of the parallelism of inclined axis of the earth.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Sunlight travels at the speed of light. Photons emitted from the surface of the Sun need to travel across the vacuum of space to reach our eyes. The short answer is that it takes sunlight an average of 8 minutes and 20 seconds to travel from the Sun to the Earth.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Continetal Drift theory was proposed by Alfred wegner in 1912. It stated that continents have changed their position and initially there was only one big continent named Pangea. Although he was unable to explain the force behind the drifting of continents.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Shield is the region of stable landmass occupied by resistant rocks of igneous origin, showing resistant to geomorphic processes e.g. Canadian Shield.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : No explanation is given for this question Let’s Discuss on Board

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Roughly, 0.47 percent of insolation reaches the Earth’s surface. The rest is either reflected and scattered back to space through its interaction with clouds, water vapour, dust and pollen, known collectively as aerosols or it is absorbed by clouds and gaseous elements and hence heats the atmosphere.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : One hour of time difference corresponds to 15° of longitude (360°/24 hours = 15°/hour). Therefore, For a time difference of two hours, he longitudinal distance will be equal to 30°.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Greenwich is 4 hours ahead of New York, NY, USA. Greenwich mean time (GMT) = 12 noon every 1° is equal to 4 minutes. therefore, 74° = 74×4 = 296 minutes. Therefore, When it is 12 noon at Greenwich, the time at New York (74° W) is 7.04 a.m.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The time difference between each longitude (each degree) is 4 minutes. So if it is 12 noon at Greenwich (0 degree), it would be 12:04 pm at 1 degree meridian and so on.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : In January Earth makes its closest approach to the Sun for the year.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : If the Earth weren’t tilted on its axis, there would be no seasons. The season would remain same.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : This is due to the fact that most land surfaces are darker than water which of course means more absorption of solar radiation and heat. Since land absorbs more solar radiation the land surface retains more heat as do the vegetation for energy. Thus, land surfaces warm more quickly than water.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The statements that are correct are Prime Meridian passes through Greenwich and is at 0° Longitude and Tropic of Cancer lies at Latitude.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Since the ecliptic is tilted 23.5 degrees with respect to the celestial equator, the Sun’s maximum angular distance from the celestial equator is 23.5 degrees. This happens at the solstices.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Time at London (0° longitude) is 10:30 am. Baghdad is at 45°E.
Difference in longitudes = 45°
For every 1° longitude, there is a difference of 4 minutes
For 45° longitude there will be a difference of = (45*4)minutes
= 180 minutes or 3 hours
As Baghdad is towards the east of London, it’ll be ahead of time at London
time at Baghdad = (10:30am + 3 hours)
= 1:30pm

Answer: Option A
Explanation : India is a large country spanning over 30° of longitude. It is unusual in having a single time zone all over the country, 5½ hours fast. If the direction of rotation of earth is reversed then Indian Standard Time will be – 5½ hr. When it is noon the time is 12:00; that will be 6:30 A.M. in place of 17:30 P.M. or 5:30 P.M.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : 180° longitude is the International Date line.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line of longitude on the Earth’s surface located at about 180 degrees east (or west) of the Greenwich Meridian.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Sun which is also a star is the nearest star to Earth. Besides Sun, Proxima Centauri is the nearest star to the solar system. The Sun is the closest star to Earth, about 93 million miles away.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : For every 1° longitude, there is a difference of 4 minutes
For 2 hrs, there will be a difference of 30 degrees. So the correct answer is 30 degree east as Cairo is ahead of Greenwich time.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.09053 seconds, called the sidereal period, and its circumference is roughly 40,075 kilometers. Thus, the surface of the earth at the equator moves at a speed of 460 meters per second – or roughly 1,000 miles per hour.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The Earth is an oblate spheroid and not a perfect sphere. This is because the Earth has a rotational motion and the rotational speed increases as one goes from the Poles towards the Equator and the Equator experiences greater gravitational pull from the Sun.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Germany is located on the Greenwich Meridian. Germany is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark , and the Baltic Sea, to the south by Austria and Switzerland , to the west by France , Belgium , The Netherlands and Luxembourg and to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Owing to the equatorial bulge and the polar flattening, the polar radius of the earth falls short of the equatorial radius by about 22 km.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The correct sequence of the given Continents in the decreasing order of their percentage of Earth’s land are Africa – North America – South America – Europe.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The approximate equatorial circumference of the earth is 40000 km.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : When it is 8 P.M. in Tokyo, 8.00 A.M. is the time at Panama Canal which is located at 180° W of it. If we travel from east to west the time decreases.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Lines of longitude, called meridians, run perpendicular to lines of latitude.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : On June 21, the sun can be seen straight overhead along the Tropic of Cancer, while the North Pole reaches its maximum annual tilt toward the sun. As the planet rotates on its axis, areas within the Arctic Circle see the sun circle through the sky for 24 hours.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : A relief map is a map that shows the height of the land, usually by means of contours.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Cartography or map-making is the study and practice of crafting representations of the Earth upon a flat surface (see History of cartography), and one who makes maps is called a cartographer.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Latitude runs from 0° at the equator to 90°N or 90°S at the poles. Lines of latitude run in an east-west direction. Longitude runs from 0° at the prime meridian to 180° east or west, halfway around the globe. All are equal.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Equinox occurs when the sun is vertically above the equator. At this time, the sun equally illuminates the Southern and Northern hemisphere. At this time the world experiences equal day and night. Equinox occur twice a year. The months are March and September.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : As you move from the equator towards the poles, the latitude increases (up to 90 degrees). The further you go from the equator in any direction, the difference between the duration of the day and night in different times of the year will be bigger.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : As you move from the equator towards the poles, the latitude increases (up to 90 degrees). The further you go from the equator in any direction, the difference between the duration of the day and night in different times of the year will be bigger.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : It passes through the Bering Strait between the Diomede Islands at a distance of 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) from each island at 168°58′37″ W.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : They emphasize on a particular theme or topic such as average rain, climatic condition, pressure in particular months etc. These are diffirent from general maps.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : It is six months long day in the northern polar region and six months long night in the southern polar region because Earth is inclined towards its orbital plane.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The latitude of a place expresses its angular position relative to the plane of equator.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Our planet’s rotation produces a force on all bodies moving relative to the Earth. Due to Earth’s approximately spherical shape, this force is greatest at the poles and least at the Equator. The force, called the “Coriolis effect,” causes the direction of winds and ocean currents to be deflected.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : At 12 noon of December 21, you observe that you cast no shadow as you stand in bright sunlight. So you must be, somewhere near The Tropic of Capricorn. The Tropic of Capricorn is the circle marking the latitude 23.5 degrees south where the sun is directly overhead at noon on December 21, the beginning of winter in the northern hemisphere.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The revelations of a satellite photograph of the earth are it is slightly pear shaped ellipsoid of rotation, the polar axis of the earth is slightly shorter than the equatorial axis and the equatorial circumference is about 40,000 km.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Tides in the sea have stored in them a combination of all the above three forms of energy.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The light from the sun takes about 8 minutes to reach the Earth after it has been emitted from the sun’s surface.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The closest point to the Sun in a planet’s orbit is called perihelion. When Earth is at perihelion, it is about 147 million km (91 million miles) from the Sun.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The Earth is 4,54 billion years old. This age has been determined with the radioactive dating technique. The precise decay rate of radioactive elements is used as a clock: the number of daughter products in one rock indicates its age.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The seasons in the Southern Hemisphere are actually less extreme than in the Northern Hemisphere. The reason is because the Southern hemisphere has more seas, while the Northern has more land mass and land mass retains more heat.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : During a solar eclipse, the Moon actually casts two shadows toward Earth. One shadow is called the umbra which becomes smaller as it reaches the Earth. This is the dark center of the Moon’s shadow.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Sandford Fleming, a Canadian engineer invented the Universal Standard Time. Sir Sandford Fleming advocated the adoption of a standard time or mean time, as well as hourly variations from that according to established time zones.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : There are 24 time zones in the world. This signifies that the Earth is divided into 24 ‘slices’, and each time zone moves on one hour from the previous time zone and each ‘slice’, is 150 wide.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Four of the most significant imaginary lines running across the surface of Earth are the equator, the Tropic of Cancer, the Tropic of Capricorn, and the Prime Meridian. While the equator is the longest line of latitude on Earth (the line where Earth is widest in an east-west direction), the tropics are based on the sun’s position in relation to Earth at two points of the year. All three lines of latitude are significant in their relationship between Earth and the sun. Running in the opposite direction, north-south, the Prime Meridian is one of the most important lines of longitude on Earth.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : On January 3, Earth reaches perihelion, its closest point to the Sun in its yearly orbit around our star.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Mohorovicic Discontinuity lies between Crust & Mantle, the word ‘discontinuity’ used here represents the (region) where seismic waves change velocity.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : While longitudes are imaginary lines running from north to south pole and parallel to prime meridian. In total they are 360 in number. Longitudes are 360 and latitudes are 181.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The antipodal position of a place located at 35° south and 80° west is 35° north and 100° East.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : International Date Line follows the meridian of 180° longitude down the middle of the Pacific Ocean for some time. In the north the date line turns to the east through the Bering Strait and then west past the Aleutian Islands in order to keep Alaska and Russia on opposite sides of the line.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The heavier silicates named as Sima or silica magnesium are most abundant in the Ocean floors.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The process of water getting evaporated from the surface of leaves is known as Transpiration.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The correct sequence of the following in the context of the age of the earth since its origin are Protozoic, Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : On the 21st of June, 2021 just before 5 p.m. AEST, Australians will bid farewell to the shortest day for the year.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The statements regarding the International Date line that are correct are it is determined by 180° longitude but is not a straight line and it solves the problem of time and date among the World’s nations.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The desert regions of the world occupy about 1/3 part of the land surface of the earth.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. Oxygen makes up 467,100 ppm (parts per million) of the Earth’s crust, or 46.6%.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Antipodes are two points that are opposite to one another on the surface of the earth and are connected by a straight line that runs through the Earth’s center.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Oblate Spheroid is a term that has been used to describe the shape of the Earth. The Earth is not a sphere.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The statements are correct are Earth’s polar diameter is about 43 km shorter than its equatorial diameter and Earth has a total surface area of 510 million sq.km.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Venus is nearly as big as the Earth. As it is very similar to Earth in terms of size, average density, mass & surface gravity. It is also known as Earth’s twin.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The amount of insolation received at a place on the surface of the earth depends on its latitude and its climate.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Latitude is an imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the Equator. It is the angular distance of a point on Earth’s surface from Equator.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : An aeroplane takes off from 30° N latitude, 50° E longitude and lands at the opposite end of the earth. It will land 30° S Lat., 130° W Long.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Oxygen is by far the most abundant element in the earth’s crust. Scientists estimate oxygen comprises nearly half of the mass of the crust. It also accounts for 21 percent of Earth’s atmosphere.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : One degree of the circumference of the earth measures(approx) 111 km.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Earth’s rotation is the rotation of Planet Earth around its own axis. Earth rotates eastward, in prograde motion. As viewed from the north pole star Polaris, Earth turns counter clockwise.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Earth has seasons because our planet’s axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees relative to our orbital plane – the plane of Earth’s orbit around the sun.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : An annular solar eclipse (left) occurs when the Moon is too far away to completely cover the Sun’s disk.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek letter lambda (λ). The longitude of other places is measured as the angle east or west from the Prime Meridian, ranging from 0° at the Prime Meridian to +180° eastward and −180° westward.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Bridgmanite is the most abundant mineral in the mantle. The proportions of bridgmanite and calcium perovskite depends on the overall lithology and bulk composition.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : When Earth passes directly between Sun and Moon, its shadow creates a lunar eclipse. Lunar eclipses can only happen when the Moon is opposite the Sun in the sky, a monthly occurrence we know as a full Moon.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Sidereal time is time measured with respect to the apparent motion of the ‘fixed’ stars in the sky due to the Earth’s rotation.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The earth is tilted on its axis, because of which very poor sunlight is allowed to reach the north and south poles. When the north pole is tilted towards the sun,it experiences continuous day light for six months. And when the pole is tilted on the other side, it experiences continuous night for six months.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : In Asia, Tropic of Cancer passes through Myanmar, Oman, Bangladesh, India, Saudi Arabia, China, United Arab Emirates and Taiwan. Hence, The Tropic of cancer does not pass through Pakistan.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Earth rotates eastward, in prograde motion. As viewed from the north pole star Polaris, Earth turns counter clockwise. The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where Earth’s axis of rotation meets its surface.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The Equator is exactly halfway in between the poles. So it wouldn’t make any sense for a day on the equator to be longer when one of the poles is tilted towards the Sun, and shorter when the other one is. The days and nights remain equal here throughout the year.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : If the earth’s axis had not been inclined the seasons would not have occurred and poles would not have a continuous day.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The sun is never overhead at any time in the North Temperate Zone, South Temperate Zone and North Frigid Zone.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The earth revolves round the sun and rotates round its own axis. The rotation of the earth causes day and night.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The International Date Line isn’t a fixed line at all, but actually sort of follows the 180° longitude line, zigzagging its way through a bunch of small islands, territories and nations.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Latitude affects temperature. One of the primary factors affecting the unequal heating of the Earth’s atmosphere is latitude. Latitude is the measurement of the distance of a location on the Earth from the equator. The further away from the equator that a location resides, the less sunlight that this location receives.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Dolomite, also known as “dolostone” and “dolomite rock,” is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of the mineral dolomite, CaMg(CO3)2. Dolomite is found in sedimentary basins worldwide. It is thought to form by the postdepositional alteration of lime mud and limestone by magnesium-rich groundwater.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Null Island is a name for the area around the point where the prime meridian and the equator cross, located in the Gulf of Guinea (South Atlantic Ocean) off the west African coast. It has geographical position of 0 degree latitude and 0 degree longitude

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The circumference of the Earth in kilometers is 40,000 km(approx).

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Gravity is one major force that creates tides. In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton explained that ocean tides result from the gravitational attraction of the sun and moon on the oceans of the earth.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Isohypse is an imaginary line connecting points (places) at equal heights & equal barometric pressures which is similar to contours which connects places of equal height.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : At the equator, the length of 1o of latitude is equal to 110.6 km (68.7 mi.) and at the poles, the length of 1o of latitude is equal to 111.7 km (69.4 mi.). For our purposes, we assume the length of one degree of latitude is 111 km. Lines of longitude, also called meridians, run north – south.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : It is the moment at which the center of the visible Sun is directly above the Equator. In the northern hemisphere, the equinox in March is called the Vernal or Spring Equinox; the September equinox is called the Autumnal or Fall Equinox.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The statement that is incorrect is The Sun’s rays are vertical at all places on the days of the equinoxes. This position is called the ‘Winter Solstice’. On September 23, the Sun’s rays fall vertically on the Equator. As a result, on this day the Sun illuminates the Northern and Southern Hemispheres equally, making the days and nights of approximately equal length all over the Earth.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The following statements that are correct are A crossing of the International Date Line entails repeating one day when traveling eastwards, International Date Line is an internationally agreed line drawn parallel to the 180° meridian and International Date Line divides the Pacific Ocean into two equal parts.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The midnight sun is a natural phenomenon that occurs in the summer months in places north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle, when the Sun remains visible at the local midnight.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The difference between high tide & low tide at a given place is about 12 hrs. 26 min. Neap tides occur when the sun, earth and moon form a right angle and the gravitational pull of the sun counteracts the pull of the moon.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The longitudinal, transverse and surface waves in an earthquake originate from The focus within the body of the earth. The point where the energy is released is called the focus of an earthquake, alternatively, it is called the hypocentre. The energy waves travelling in different directions reach the surface. The point on the surface, nearest to the focus, is called epicentre. It is the first one to experience the waves. It is a point directly above the focus.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Because, for all intents and purposes, the sky is “fixed”, a sidereal day is when the earth rotates 360°. A sidereal day is 23 hours 56 minutes and 4.09 seconds long. A sidereal year is the time it takes for the sun to return to the same position with respect to the stars.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : All time zones of the world are described in term of the number of hours difference between the standard meridian of that zone and the Greenwich Meridian. Each of Earth’s 24 zones is one hour earlier then the one east of it, which equates to about 15 degrees longitude for each. Although this is the general rule, there’s not always a one hour difference between each time zone. Some countries have adopted a non-standard time, which may include a 30 or 45 minute offset.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : An equator of a rotating spheroid is its zeroth circle of latitude. It is the imaginary line on the spheroid’s surface, equidistant from its poles, dividing it into northern and southern hemispheres.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through Nepal.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Core forms the major part of the total volume of earth. The innermost layer, forming the metallic centre of the Earth. Core of the Earth is like a dense magnetic ball of minerals (Iron & Nickel). Hence, it is also called NIFE (NI – Nickel & Fe – Ferrous Magnesium i.e Iron). Temperature increases at the rate of 1 degree Celsius for every 32 meters of depth.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Due to gravity, acceleration at the Equator is less than acceleration on poles. It is because the equatorial distance is more than the polar distance and this is because of the shape of Earth as we know that the earth is a sphere so the the polar radius is less as compared to equatorial radius.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : We know India lies in the Northern Hemisphere as it lies above the Equator. The shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere is on December 22nd, when the Sun is directly overhead the tropic of Capricorn.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : When the sun shines vertically over the equator then it is known as equinox. Twice, on the March equinox (typically around March 21) and on the September equinox (typically around September 22).

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Among the following equator pass through Colombia, Kenya and Indonesia. The equator passes through 13 countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : When it is 12.00 noon at Delhi (77° 10’E), people at another place on earth take their 6 o’clock morning tea. The longitude of that place is 12°50′ W.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The 2007 Earth Hour was held on March 31 in Sydney, Australia at 7:30 pm, local time. Since then it has grown to engage more than 180 countries and territories worldwide.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The Moon is showing its same face to the Earth because Its periods of rotation and revolution are the same. The moon keeps the same face pointing towards the Earth because its rate of spin is tidally locked so that it is synchronized with its rate of revolution (the time needed to complete one orbit). In other words, the moon rotates exactly once every time it circles the Earth.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The permanent tilt of the earth’s axis and the revolution of the earth in its orbit together cause the varying length of day and night at different times of the year and changes in the altitude of the mid-day sun at different times of the year.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : An isohyet is a line on a map which connects points that have the same amounts of precipitation in a given period or for a particular storm. An isohyet is a form of map contour line displaying precipitation.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The word “Isoneph” represents the lines of equal Cloudiness. An imaginary line connecting places which have similar amount of cloudiness for a given period of time is, Isoneph.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Tropical deserts of the earth’s surface receives the highest amount of insolation. Maximum insolation is received over the subtropical deserts, where the cloudiness is the least.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : All the watches of a country are set according to standard time of the country. Because the same standard time for the whole country has been adopted, the watches show the same time in all parts of the country.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Maximum difference in the spacing of longitudes is at equator. At the equator, the distance between two latitudes and two longitudes is 111.1 kms.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Sleet is rain or melted snow that freezes into ice pellets before hitting the ground. When rain falls through a cold layer of air near the Earth’s surface, raindrops get frozen into ice. This type of precipitation is called Sleet.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : You could simply lie down on a beach, watch the sun set once, and could quickly stand up once the last bit goes down, to see it go down again. In fact, if you carefully calculate the time difference between these 2 sunsets using a stopwatch, and take the length of your body into account, you could actually calculate (estimate) the radius of the earth.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The alignment of the lines of beginning and end is expressed by feasibility. A feasibility report is a document that assesses potential solutions to the business problem or opportunity, and determines which of these are viable for further analysis.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : If a place is located at 20°N, 80°E it lies in Asia continent. The 20th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 20 degrees north of the Earth’s equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, North America, the Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The sunlight is available 24 hours on the longest day at 66.5°.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The tide at its maximum height is known as Spring tide. A spring tide popularly known as a “King Tide” refers to the ‘springing forth’ of the tide during new and full moon.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : A one-day Cricket match between India and England starts at 10.00 A.M. in London 3.30 P.M. The direct telecast of the match will begin in India at India is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of London, UK.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the Earth. Due to gravitational effect of Sun & Moon on Earth, the water in the oceans tends to rise causing tides in nearby coastal areas.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The phenomenon of an opening occurring in the Earth’s surface through which a Jet of hot water and steam is forced out at irregular intervals is called Geyser. Geyser (Icelandic for “gusher”) is the name of an erupting flow of heated water from the ground in Iceland.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The core of the Earth is made up of both iron and magnesium in the plastic state. The core of the earth have two parts inner core and outer core. Above the inner core is the outer core, a shell of liquid iron.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Gravitational force is maximum at Poles. The gravitational force is almost equal in every where in the earth. The resultant force is maximum in pole. Since earth is rotating there is centrifugal force and due to this force is maximum at poles.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The Equator does not pass through Mexico. The equator passes through 13 countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Planimeter also called platometer, it is an instrument used to measure an area of two dimensional shapes. eg. Area of maps.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : On Monday, the 14th June, a man crosses the International Date Line at 5 p.m. from the Asian side to the American side, time will be 5 p.m. of Sunday, the 13th June. The International Date Line is located halfway around the world from the prime meridian (0° longitude) or about 180° east (or west) of Greenwich, London, UK, the reference point of time zones. It is also known as the line of demarcation.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : A neap tide seven days after a spring tide refers to a period of moderate tides when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Latitude is based on an imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the north and south poles. Longitude refers to imaginary lines running vertically on the globe that bisect it through the North and the South Poles. Longitudes are angular distances measured from the Prime Meridian.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : There is no time difference between London, UK and Ghana. When it is nine o’clock in London, it will be the same time in Ghana.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Isohels are the imaginary lines connecting places where Sunlight falls for same duration & isopleths are the imaginery lines connecting places with equal incidence of meteorological phenomenon. So, Sunlight’s observed duration would remain equal at places where the Sun can be observe equally.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The incoming short-wave solar radiation is balanced by an equal amount of long-wave radiation from earth going back to space. This is known as Heat balance of earth. The earth-atmosphere energy balance is the balance between incoming energy from the Sun and outgoing energy from the Earth.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Imaginary lines joining places of same height at equal intervals are contour lines. These are the closed loops used to showcase the similar hight point.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The layers of the earth that is believed to have the heaviest mineral materials of highest density is Central core. Earth’s core is the very hot, very dense center of our planet. The ball-shaped core lies beneath the cool, brittle crust and the mostly-solid mantle.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : There is a continual daylight or summer in the Arctic regions from 21st March to 23rd September.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The torrid zone refers to the area of the earth between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : When the sun and the moon are in line with each other, they pull the ocean’s surface in the same direction. This causes higher high tides and lower low tides. This is known as Spring tides.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Midnight Sun is a name given the sun when it can be seen at midnight during the Arctic or Antarctic summer. This phenomenon occurs in summer months in places north of Arctic or south of Antarctic circle when Sun is visible in this region during mid night hours also.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) cities does not have the same clock time as that of the other three cities at any given instant.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The Equator is the line of 0 degrees latitude. Each parallel measures one degree north or south of the Equator, with 90 degrees north of the Equator and 90 degrees south of the Equator. The latitude of the North Pole is 90 degrees N, and the latitude of the South Pole is 90 degrees S.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : A line drawn on a weather map connecting points of equal pressure is called an isobar. Isobars are generated from mean sea level pressure reports and are given in millibars.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Air pressure is the weight of air molecules pressing down on you. Inhabitants on Earth’s surface bear the weight of all the air molecules in the atmosphere. At higher altitudes, air pressure decreases because there are fewer air molecules pressing down from above and temperature increases compared with the air pressure at sea level.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Evidence suggests that life on Earth has existed for about 3.5 billion years. The earliest known fossils on Earth date from 3.5 billion years ago and there is evidence that biological activity took place even earlier – just at the end of the period of late heavy bombardment.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The structure of the earth’s interior is made up of several concentric layers. Broadly three layers can be identified—crust, mantle and the core.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Survey of India (S.O.I.) have tremendously rendered their services to the Government of India to bring out various types of maps for publication by Survey of India. It is responsible for publishing topographical sheets.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The statements that are correct are Coriolis effect is zero at the Equator, Coriolis effects are related to the decreasing rotational velocity with increasing latitudes and Coriolis effects are related to the increasing rotational velocity with increasing latitudes.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : If the difference in time between, two places were 2 hours and 20 minutes, then the difference in their longitudes would be 35°. The time difference between each longitude (each degree) is 4 minutes. So if it is 12 noon at Greenwich (0 degree), it would be 12:04 pm at 1 degree meridian and so on.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The South Pole experiences a natural phenomena known as the Winter Solstice, also known as December Solstice. It happens when the Earth’s axes is tiled closest to the sun from the Southern Hemisphere but farthest from the sun from the Northern hemisphere. During this day, the South Pole experiences the longest day light while the North Pole experienced the least. It occurs between 20-23 of December every year.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Sea tides show variations because of Different phases of the moon. Since the moon moves around the Earth, it is not in the same place at the same time each day. So, each day, the times for high and low tides change by 50 minutes.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : When it is 12:00 noon in India, the time in San Francisco (USA) would be closed to 8 : 30 p. m. of previous day. India is 12 hours and 30 minutes ahead of San Francisco, CA, USA.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Imaginary line lies at 0° latitude is Equator. Zero degrees latitude is the line designating the Equator and divides the Earth into two equal hemispheres (north and south).

Answer: Option B
Explanation : An eclipse of the Moon (or lunar eclipse) can only occur at Full Moon, and only if the Moon passes through some portion of Earth’s shadow.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The maximum theoretical duration for a total solar eclipse is 7 min 40 sec.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : If it is 4 P.M. on Monday at 150°W, 12 Noon on Tuesday will be the time at 150°E.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The network of the series of vertical and horizontal lines is known as Geographical Coordinates System. There are 2 co-ordinate values for a point latitude and longitude. A geographic coordinate system (GCS) uses a three-dimensional spherical surface to define locations on the earth. A GCS is often incorrectly called a datum, but a datum is only one part of a GCS. A GCS includes an angular unit of measure, a prime meridian, and a datum (based on a spheroid).

Answer: Option D
Explanation : At the summer solstice, which one of the following latitudes will have the longest night 60°S. The summer solstice, also known as midsummer, occurs when one of the Earth’s poles has its maximum tilt toward the Sun.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Aluminum is the third most abundant element in Earth’s crust. Aluminum does not exist as a lone element, and it is found as a compound. Abundant compounds of Aluminum include aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, and potassium aluminum sulfate.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Tides are complied and they vary from place to place because of The movement of Moon in relation to Earth, Uneven distribution of water over the globe and Irregularities in the configuration of oceans.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The word lithosphere is made up of two words i.e. litho and sphere. ‘Litho’, means crust (rock) solid. Thus the term ‘Lithosphere’ signifies Earth crust. Earth’s lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost mantle, which constitute the hard and rigid outer layer of the Earth.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Lunar eclipse takes place when Moon passes through the shadow of Earth i.e. Earth comes between Sun and Moon. Apartial eclipse occurs if only a part of Moon passes through the shadow.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The upper part of the mantle upon which the crust of the Earth floats is called Asthenosphere. The layer below the rigid lithosphere is a zone of asphalt-like consistancy called the Asthenosphere.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Proxima Centauri is the nearest star to the solar system. Proxima Centauri is about 4.22 light-years from Earth and is the closest star other than the sun.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Low tides are 20% lower than normal tides. Low tides occur in locations at 90 degree angles to the moon. Low tides are weak.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Zero degrees longitude is an imaginary line known as the Prime Meridian.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Masses of stars and galaxies are usually expressed in Solar mass. The solar mass ( M ) is a standard unit of mass in astronomy, equal to approximately 2×1030 kg.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The point in the orbit of a moon that is farthest from the Earth and at which the moon’s velocity is at a minimum, the known as Apogee. The point in the Moon’s orbit that is closest to the Earth is called the Perigee and the point farthest from the Earth is known as the Apogee.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : A contour line represents an imaginary line on the ground, above or below sea level. All points on the contour line are at the same elevation. The elevation represented by contour lines is the vertical distance above or below sea level.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Magnetic meridian is nothing but the vertical plane which passes through the axis of a freely suspended magnet. The direction of Earth’s magnetic field may not be horizontal and lies in the magnetic meridian. Magnetic meridian is an equivalent imaginary line connecting the magnetic south and north poles and can be taken as the horizontal component of magnetic force.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The location of a place A is at 60° E longitude and 30° S latitude while the location of B is at 60° E longitude and 45° N latitude. Time at B will be the same as that of A.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Variation in duration of day and night is due to revolution of earth around the sun and inclination of earth at an angle of 66%.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : At Mumbai the sun can come overhead, but it will never do so at Delhi. If you look at a map you’ll see that Delhi is a bit north of the tropic of cancer, so there is never a time in Delhi when the sun will be directly overhead.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The focus is also called the hypocenter of an earthquake. The vibrating waves travel away from the focus of the earthquake in all directions.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The distance between two consecutive longitudes(91 degree E and 92 degree E) at the Poles is 0 km.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The place which has the longest day and shortest night on 22 December is Melbourne.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The places which have similar temperature are connected by imaginary line known as Isotherm.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Contour lines are isolines joining places that have the same height value. Another common isoline is the isobar, a line that joins places with the same atmospheric pressure.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Tides rise in sea in Full Moon and half Moon. The moon and sun are primarily responsible for the rising and falling of ocean tides.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The position of the earth in its orbit, when it is at its greatest distance from the Sun causing summer in the Northern hemisphere is Aphelion. Earth’s aphelion comes in the midst of Northern Hemisphere summer and Southern Hemisphere winter.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Because of the rotation of Earth from west to east, the winds are deflected towards right in the Northern hemisphere & towards left in the Southern hemisphere. This is also known as Coriollis Effect.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : One degree of longitude on the equator is equal to a distance of 50 miles.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun, and the rotation of the Earth.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : 4 minutes is the difference of time between any two consecutive longitudes. The difference between the two longitudes that are adjacent is 4 minutes.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Albedo is defined as the amount of insolation reflected back to the space by the top of atmosphere, by clouds and ice-covered areas of the Earth’s surface.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The following phenomenon are the effect of the rotation of the Earth are Apparent movement of the Sun, the Moon and the Stars, Flatness of the poles and bulge at the Equator, Occurrence of’ sunrise, noon and sunset and Magnetic field of the earth.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : When the clock strikes 12:00 noon at Greenwich, it strikes 5:30 p.m. at place X on the same day. 82°30′ E is the meridian of longitude of place X.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The approximately diameter of Earth is 12800 km. The rotation of the planet has slightly flattened it out, so it has a larger diameter at the equator than at the poles. The equatorial diameter of Earth is 12,756 km, its polar diameter is 12,713 km, and its average diameter, which is referred to in common usage, is 12,742 km or 7,926 miles.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Japan being the Eastern most country in the World, it has the earliest sunrise. Japan has been recognized as the land of the rising sun for at least 1400 years. The actual name of Japan in Japanese is Nihon which means “sun-origin” which is loosely translated to mean “land of the rising sun”.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Celestial body Earth contains Helium-4 in abundance. Its abundance is similar to this figure in the Sun and in Jupiter. This is due to the very high nuclear binding energy (per nucleon) of helium-4 with respect to the next three elements after helium.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : GMT is Greenwich Mean Time. It is the local time at zero degrees longitude in Greenwich, England and is used as the world reference for times at different longitudes around the globe.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The speed of rotation of the earth is 9.72 km/sec.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The total surface area of the Earth is 510 million square km while that of India is 3.825 million square km.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The distance of the equator from either of the poles is 10,002 km.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Statements that are correct are ocean currents are the slow-surface movement of water in the ocean, ocean currents assist in maintaining the Earth’s heat balance, ocean currents are set in motion primarily by prevailing winds and ocean current are affected by the configuration of the ocean.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The Earth rotates-around an axis pointing towards the Pole star. The axis of rotation of the Earth passes very close to the Pole Star. The earth rotates around the sun, but the polar star is always in the north.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : When a ship crosses the International Date Line from west to east, it adds a day, and if it crosses the line from east to west, it subtracts a day.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Aurora is a natural electrical phenomenon characterized by the appearance of streams of reddish or greenish light in the sky, especially near the northern or southern magnetic pole. Aurora is a light display phenomenon which often takes place in the polar regions. In this phenomenon electrons collide with upper atmosphere of Earth and when they cool down they release energy in the form of light.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Apart from Oman, the Tropic of Cancer passes through the Bahamas, Mexico, Mauritania, Mali, Western Sahara, Algeria, Niger, Libya, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, India, China, UAE, Bangladesh, Burma and Taiwan. It passes through the United States in the Hawaiian region. It does not pass through Yemen.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The Earth’s interior is composed of four layers, three solid and one liquid not magma but molten metal, nearly as hot as the surface of the sun. The mapping of interior of the Earth of the following is most difficult.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : A great circle always divides the Earth in half, thus the Equator is a great circle (but no other latitudes) and all lines of longitude are great circles.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : An equinox is an event in which a planet’s subsolar point passes through its Equator. They occur on March 21 st and September and They depict equal days and equal. nights on March 21 st and September 23rd on all places of the earth.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : In the earliest days when life originated on earth, the atmosphere contained Oxygen bound to carbon.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Summer Solstice in the Southern Hemisphere occurs on 21st December.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : A solar eclipse occurs when the moon gets between Earth and the sun, and the moon casts a shadow over Earth. A solar eclipse can only take place at the phase of new moon, when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth and its shadows fall upon Earth’s surface.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : All meridians are of equal length; each is one-half the length of the equator. All meridians converge at the poles and are true north-south lines. The equator is located at 0 degrees latitude, which means it is located at the circunference of Earth. Earth is shaped like a sphere, and the circumference of a sphere is the longest distance around any part of the sphere. Therefore, this makes the equator the longest line of latitude.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Eratosthenes of Cyrene, 276 BC- 195 BC, was a Greek mathematician, geographer, poet, athlete, astronomer, and music theorist. He was the first person to use the word “geography” in Greek and he invented the discipline of geography as we understand it. He invented a system of latitude and longitude. He was the first person to calculate the circumference of the earth by using a measuring system using stades, or the length of stadiums during that time period (with remarkable accuracy).

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The approximate equatorial circumference of the earth is 40000km.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Eratosthenes was the first person to calculate the size of the earth. He was also the first person to use the word “Geography”.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Beirut time is two hours ahead and Lima time is five hours behind GMT. The longitudes of Beirut and Lima are respectively 30° East and 75° West.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : An alignment of three celestial objects, as the sun, the earth, and either the moon or a planet: Syzygy in the sun-earth-moon system occurs at the time of full moon and new moon.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The Solar eclipse achieves totality only in limited geographical regions because the size of the shadow of the Moon on the Earth is small compared to the cross-section of the Earth.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Twenty-four percent of incoming solar radiation is reflected by clouds, 4% by the Earth’s surface. The largest amount of reflection of the solar radiant energy which is reflected back into space before reaching the earth’s surface is due to clouds.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : We only see one side of the moon because the moon rotates around the Earth at the exact same speed as it rotates around its own axis, so that the same side of the moon is constantly facing the surface of the earth.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The furthest point is called aphelion. The aphelion is the point in the orbit of an object where it is farthest from the Sun. The word aphelion derives from the Greek words, apo meaning away, off, apart and Helios.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Earth rotates once in about 24 hours with respect to the Sun, but once every 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4.9 seconds with respect to other, distant, stars.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The axis of rotation of the Earth is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees away from vertical, perpendicular to the plane of our planet’s orbit around the sun.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The earth’s annual circuit round the Sun covers a distance of 966 million km.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The mean radius of the earth is approximately 3200 km.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : When the sun’s rays fall vertically on the Tropic of Cancer we can record the maximum angle of incidence of the sun’s rays at the north pole.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Around 111 kilometres( approximately ). It varies from 110.56 kms at the equator to 111.69 at the poles due to the ellipsoid shape of the earth.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Earth is farther from the sun today (July 6) than at any other time of the year. On 4th July, Earth is farthest from Sun and this phenomenon is called Aphelion. This happens because Earth orbits round the Sun elliptically.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The greenhouse effect on Venus causes the temperatures at its surface to reach 864 degrees Fahrenheit (462 degrees Celsius), making Venus the hottest planet in the entire Solar System.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Winter Solstice is the day on which Sun shines directly above the Tropic of Capricorn. Although, normally the date is 22nd December, but as per question the closest option available 21st December.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Sandstone can change into quartzite by becoming a metamorphic rock. Sandstone is a sedimentary rock, a type of rock that is made through solidification of sediment layers. In order for sandstone to become quartzite, this rock needs to experience heat and pressure. Most sandstone that has become quartzite was found near compression zones of plate tectonics.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The heat is derived from solar energy, normally called solar radiation. Insolation is the solar radiation that reaches the earth’s surface.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The boundary between the Earth’s Crust and Mantle is referred to as Mohorovicic or simply Moho discontinuity. It lies 35 Km below continents & 7 Km beneath the ocean crust.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Any circle that passes through two points that are opposite each other on a sphere. Many great circle can be drawn on a sphere.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Tides are periodic rises and falls of large bodies of water. A periodic rise and fall of sea water caused by the gravitational force of moon and sun on earth.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The following that are true regarding the Prime meridian are that it passes through the centre of a certain country, it passes through the centre of the Globe and it passes through the observatory at Greenwich, near London.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : If there are four places on the same meridian 500km apart and the local time at one place is 12.00 noon, 12.00 noon will be the time at the three other places.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The moon takes exactly 30 days to complete the cycle and it rises in the east exactly at 6.48 p.m., on the first day. On the fourth day, it rise at 10.00 p.m.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : One day in Mumbai a tide occurs at 8.00 A.M. The next day it will occur at 8.26 A.M. The next day tide will occur 26 min later.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : While it is 6.30 AM (Sunday) in London, it is around 8.30 PM (Saturday) in Honolulu (Hawaii) and 3.30 PM (Sunday) in Tokyo. London, UK is 10 hours ahead of Hawaii, USA and Tokyo, Japan is 9 hours ahead of London, UK.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The outer core is believed to be made up of iron nickel is because of the theory of paleomagnetism. The change in the magnetic poles all through different geological eras.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The following statements that are true regarding the earth’s axis are that it makes an angle of 23.5o with the plane of ecliptic and it is the most important fact connected with Earth-Sun relationship.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Due to elliptical path, distance of Earth from Sun keeps changing. It is nearest to Sun on 3rd January known as Perihelion.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : On December 22, the sun is not visible at north pole, rises south of east and sets south of west at the Tropic of Cancer and rises south of east and set south of west at the equator.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : If a traveller going from Vancouver to Tokyo crosses the International Date Line on Saturday, Sunday will be the day for him at Tokyo.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Latitude of a point on the earth is measured by the distance in angles from the equator. Latitude refers to the angle of a given point measured from the equator and with a vertex at or near the center of the earth (depending on the type of latitude measured). As you move north or south, the latitude will increase from 0° to 90.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The local time at A is 4 pm, when Greenwich Mean Time is 2 p.m. This indicates that A is east of Greenwich and the longitude of A is 30°.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Marble is a metamorphic rock formed when limestone is exposed to high temperatures and pressures. Marble forms under such conditions because the calcite forming the limestone recrystallises forming a denser rock consisting of roughly equigranular calcite crystals.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : An isohyet is a line on a map which connects points that have the same amounts of precipitation in a given period or for a particular storm.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Having the meridian zenith distance and declination, the latitude of a place is the same as the Zenith distance of the full moon when on the meridian.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : In Greek, our moon is named “Selene,” as is the moon goddess of ancient Greek mythology. The English word “selenology,” or the study of the moon’s geology, derives from it.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Magma that reaches the earth’s surface and then solidifies is known as the lava.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The temperature at a given time of day (say 12.00 Noon) will in general be higher in summer than in winter. This is because Sun-rays falling on the earth are inclined more towards the sun in winter.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The following that are true regarding the crust of the earth are that it is the outer thin layer with a total thickness of about 100 km, it forms around 0.5 percent of the earth’s volume and the lower layer of the crust consists of basaltic and ultra-basic rocks.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Silica, also called silicon dioxide, compound of the two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust, silicon and oxygen, SiO2. The mass of Earth’s crust is 59 percent silica, the main constituent of more than 95 percent of the known rocks.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The effective acceleration of gravity at the poles is 980.665 cm/sec/sec while at the equator it is 3.39 cm/sec/sec less due to the centrifugal force.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Mohs scale is a scale used to measure the relative hardness of a mineral by its resistance to scratching. From softest to hardest, the ten minerals of the Mohs scale are talc (measuring 1 on the scale), gypsum, calcite, fluorite, apatite, orthoclase, quartz, topaz, corundum, and diamond (measuring 10 on the scale).

Answer: Option B
Explanation : The latitude of a place expresses its angular position relative to the place of Equator. The latitude of a place expresses its angular position relative to Equatorial Plane.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : It takes 24 hours for the sun to go through the full 360 degrees around the world, so an hour of time is equal to 15 degrees of longitude.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : Canada’s border with the United States is the world’s longest international border, at 8,890 km.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : Equinoxes occurs twice in a year. The day and night on this day are equal through out the globe as the Sun is exactly above the equator on this day. This phenomenon occuring on 21 March is Spring equinox and other occuring on 23 September is Autumnal Equinox as the Sun is heading towards Tropic of Capricorn.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : When it is noon along 82° 30′ longitude, along 0° E or W degree of longitude it will be 6.30 a.m. The Earth has been divided into 24 time zones of one hour each. Each of these zones covers 15 degrees of longitude.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Gutenberg established an accurate boundary line or discontinuity that separates and divides the lower mantle from the outer core. The lower mantle above the Gutenberg line is solid, but the outer core below the line is liquid molten.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The approximate circumference of the Earth is 40,000 km. The circumference of the Earth in kilometers is 40,075 km, and the circumference of the Earth in miles is 24,901.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : In theory, 2 satellites in diametrically opposite geo-synchronous orbits could cover the planet. In order for the satellites to communicate, a minimum of 3 would be needed, each at a 60 degree angle to the others. At this point, the strength and quality of coverage increases proportionally to the number of satellites.

Answer: Option D
Explanation : The horse latitudes are subtropical regions known for calm winds and little precipitation. The horse latitudes are regions located at about 30 degrees north and south of the equator. These latitudes are characterized by calm winds and little precipitation.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The tropical year is shorter than the sidereal year. A sidereal year is the time it takes for the sun to return to the same position with respect to the stars. The solar day is longer than the sidereal day. Because of the Earth’s revolution, a solar day is slightly longer than a sidereal day.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : Synchronous satellite is an artificial satellite moving in circular orbit round the Earth in 24 hours duration along with the rotatory movement of Earth i.e. west to east.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : The time during which the earth makes a complete rotation on its axis in respect of the fixed stars is known as ‘Sidereal Day’. The sidereal day is the time it takes for the Earth to complete one rotation about its axis with respect to the ‘fixed’ stars.

Answer: Option A
Explanation : The earth revolves round the sun in its orbit by approximately 1° per day.

Answer: Option B
Explanation : This results in the Earth having a polar circumference of 40008 km, and an equatorial circumference of 40075 km, a difference of 67 kilometers.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : Russia currently has 11 time zones, from the Kaliningrad Oblast, a Baltic enclave in the west, to the Kamchatka Krai in the Far East. Because of its long east-west stretches Russia have many local time differences.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : They do not happen every month because the Earth’s orbit around the sun is not in the same plane as the Moon’s orbit around the Earth.

Answer: Option C
Explanation : A person sets off from Alaska on a Tuesday and reaches New Zealand the next day which will be Thursday.