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Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 Biology MCQs Pdf
1. The technique of obtaining a large number of plantlets by tissue culture method is known as
(a) organ culture.
(b) micropropagation.
(c) plantlet culture.
(d) macropropagation.
Answer
Answer: b
2. Viral disease-free plants are obtained through
(a) anther culture.
(b) shoot meristem culture.
(c) ovary culture.
(d) leaf-cell culture.
Answer
Answer: b
3. Breeding of crops to increase the levels of essential nutrients, is called
(a) biofortification.
(b) biomagnification.
(c) bioinformatics.
(d) biotechnology.
Answer
Answer: a
4. The species of Saccharum (sugarcane) originally grown in North India.is
(a) S. munja.
(b) S. officinarum.
(c) S. barberi.
(d) All of these.
Answer
Answer: c
5. Inbreeding is carried out in animal husbandry because it [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) increases vigour.
(b) improves the breed.
(c) increases heterozygosity.
(d) increases homozygosity.
Answer
Answer: d
6. A group of animals which are related by descent and share many similarities are referred to as [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) breed.
(b) race.
(c) variety.
(d) species.
Answer
Answer: a
7. The biggest constraint of plant breeding is [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) availability of desirable gene in the crop and its wild relatives.
(b) infrastructure.
(c) trained manpower.
(d) transfer of genes from unrelated sources.
Answer
Answer: a
8. Which one of the following combination would a sugarcane farmer look for in the sugarcane crop? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Thick stem, long intemodes, high sugar content and disease resistant.
(b) Thick stem, high sugar content and profuse flowering.
(c) Thick stem, short intemodes, high sugar content, disease resistant.
(d) Thick stem, low sugar content, disease resistant.
Answer
Answer: a
9. A collection of all the alleles of all the genes : of a crop plant is called [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) germplasm collection.
(b) protoplasm collection.
(c) herbarium.
(d) somaclonal collection.
Answer
Answer: a
10. Which one of the following is a marine fish? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Rohu
(b) Hilsa
(c) Catla
(d) Common Carp
Answer
Answer: b
11. Inbreeding increases ______ .
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Homozygosity.
12. A single ______ helps to overcome inbreeding depression.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Outcrossing.
13. ______ obtained through apiculture is used in cosmetics and polishes.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Beewax.
14. ______ variety of wheat is resistant hill bunt disease.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Himgiri.
15. Pusa Komal is the variety of ______ that is resistant to bacterial blight.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Cowpea.
16. ______ is used in the production of single cell protein.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Spirulina.
17. A poultry farm typically includes chicken and ______ .
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Ducks.
18. In MOET, the cow is administered hormones with ______ activity.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: FSH.
19. Mule is produced by hybridisation.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Interspecific.
20. mothers are involved in MOET.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Two.
21. Match the items in Column I with those in Column II.
| Column I (Variety of Crop) |
Column II (Resistant to) |
| A. Pusa Komal of cowpea | 1. Hill Bunt |
| B. Pusa Swamim of Brassica | 2. Blackrot and curl blight |
| C. Pusa Shubhra of Cauliflower | 3. Bacterial blight |
| D. Himgiri of Wheat | 4. Leaf curl |
| 5. White rust |
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: A – 3, B – 5, C – 2, D – 1
22. Match the items in Column I with those in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Somaclones | 1. Spirulina |
| B. Atlas 66 of wheat | 2. Resistance to yellow mosaic in mung bean |
| C. Mutation breeding | 3. Lysine and tryptophan-rich |
| D. Single cell protein | 4. High protein content |
| E. Maize hybrids | 5. Micro-propagation |
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: A – 5, B – 4, C – 2, D – 1, E – 3
23. Pomato is the somatic hybrid between potato and tomato. [True/False]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: True.
24. Explants are the dead plants. [True/False]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: False.
25. Pusa Sawani is the variety of Okra resistant to shoot and fruit borer. [True/False]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: True.
26. Germplasm collection is not necessary for plant breeding programmes. [True/False]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: False.
27. Outcrossing is the practice of mating animals within the same breed. [True/False]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: True.
Directions: (Q28 to Q30): Mark the odd one in each of the following groups.
28. Red rot of sugarcane, Black rot of crucifer, Late blight of Potato, Brown rust of wheat.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Black rot of crucifer.
29. Outcrossing, Inbreeding, Inter-specific hybridisation, Cross-breeding.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Inbreeding.
30. Chilli mosaic virus, Tobacco Mosaic virus, Leaf curl, Curl blight.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Curl blight.
31. What is dairying?
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Dairying is the management of animals for milk and milk products for human consumption.
32. Name the two factors on which the yield of milk depends.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination:
Milk yield depends on:
(i) the quality of the breed.
(ii) the type of feed.
33. Mention the strategy used to increase homozygosity in cattle for desired traits.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Inbreeding, i.e. mating of more closely related individuals of the same breed, for 4-6 generations.
34. A herd of cattle is showing reduced fertility and productivity. Provide one reason and one suggestion to overcome this problem. [AI2017]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination:
– It is inbreeding depression that arises due to continued and close inbreeding.
– It can be overcome by mating the selected animals of the breeding population with unrelated superior animals of the same breed, i.e., outcrossing.
35. Suggest the breeding method most suitable for animals that are below average in milk productivity. [Delhi 2016]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Outcrossing, a method of outbreeding is the most suitable for this; it is the mating of animals within the same breed, but having no common ancestors on either side of then- pedigree upto 4-6 generations.
36. What is the significance or advantage of outcrossing?
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination:
– It helps to overcome inbreeding depression.
– It is the best breeding method to improve in milk yield, growth rate (beef cattle), etc.
37. How is Hisardale produced?
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Hisardale is produced by crossing Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams.
38. Write a professional approach at genetic level that can help the farmer to improve the milk yield of low milk-producing cows in his farm. [Delhi 2013C]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Outcrossing.
39. Write the importance of MOET. [Delhi 2013]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: High milk-yielding breeds of females and high meat-yielding bulls are bred to increase the herd size in a short time through MOET.
40. Mention the role of ‘genetic mother’ in MOET. [AI 2016]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination:
– The genetic mother is induced superovulation, i.e., production of 6-8 eggs for cycle instead of one and mated with an elite bull or artificially inseminated; fertilisation and development of embryo (8-32 celled stages) occurs in the genetic mother.
41. Mention the economic value of Apis indica. [Delhi 2015 C]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: It is the most common species of honey bee employed in apiculture.
42. List any two economically important products for humans obtained from Apis indica.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Honey and beewax.
43. What is meant by fishery?
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Fishery is an industry dealing with catching, rearing, processing and selling of fishes, and shell-fishes like molluscs and crustaceans
44. What is blue revolution?
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Blue revolution is the movement launched in the same lines as green revolution, to increase the production of fish and fish products.
45. List the two steps, the classical plant breeding involves.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination:
The two steps include:
(i) crossing or hybridisation of pure lines..
(ii) Artificial selection of plants with desirable traits.
46. Which of the following is the semi-dwarf wheat that is high-yielding and disease-resistant?
Pusa Shubra, Kalyan Sona, Ratna.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Kalyan Sona.
47. Write the names of two semi-dwarf and high-yielding rice varieties developed in India after 1966. [Delhi 2012]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Jaya and Ratna
48. State the economic value of Saccharum officinarum in comparison to S. barberi. [AI 2015 C]
Or
Why is the South Indian sugar cane preferred by agriculturists? [Foreign 2012]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination:
– Saccharum officinarum has thicker stems , and higher sugar content.
– Saccharum barberi has poor sugar content and yield.
49. Write the names of the two millet crops in which hybrids have been developed in India.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Jowar, Bajra.
50. Name any two diseases the ‘Himgiri’ variety of wheat is resistant to. [AI 2013]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination:
(i) Leaf and stipe rust
(ii) Hill bunt.
51. How has mutation breeding helped in improving the production of mung bean crop? [Delhi 2015]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Through mutation breeding, mung bean has been made resistant to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew disease.
52. State the importance of biofortification.[AI 2011]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Biofortification is important to improve public health, as about three billion people suffer from deficiency of micronutrients, proteins and vitamins.
53. Write an alternate source of proteins for animals and human nutrition. [AI 2014]
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Single cell protein.
54. Name the organism commercially used for the production of single cell protein.
Or
Which of the following produces single cell proteins?
Sonalika, Spirulina, Saccharomyces.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: Spirulina.
55. Identify the two correct statements from the following: [Delhi 2014C]
(i) Apiculture means apical meristem culture.
(ii) Spinach is iron-enriched.
(iii) Green revolution has resulted in improved pulse-yield.
(iv) Aphids cannot infest rapeseed mustard.
Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Explaination: (ii) and (iv) are correct statements.
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