10 Lines on Earthquake: An earthquake is the name given to the vibrations that we feel when the tectonic plates just under the surface of the earth shift in their positions. It refers to when the tectonic plates shift away from one another or collide into each other.
Earthquakes can be rather mild vibrations of the earth or they can even be extremely powerful and highly destructive. Many cities were known to have been destroyed by earthquakes. The mildness or extremeness of an earthquake is called its magnitude, which is measured by specialists using a seismograph. Below, there are three sets of 10 lines of earthquakes which will be useful for students who are looking to write essays or write assignments about earthquakes.
Enhance your vocabulary and writing skills with 10 Lines Essays available. Spark up the creativity in you and access various Topics on 10 Lines all in one place.
Set 1 – 10 Lines on Earthquake for kids
The following set of 10 lines on earthquakes will be useful for students and children who are in classes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
- When there is some movement of rocks under the earth’s surface, it makes strong waves which make vibrations on the earth.
- The vibrations which come from under the earth’s surface are called earthquakes and they are called seismic waves.
- The strength of an earthquake is called the magnitude in scientific terms and it is measured on the Richter scale.
- Magnitudes are measured by specialists using a device called a seismograph.
- The magnitude of an earthquake can be from 1 to 10, where 1 to 2.5 can barely be felt, but more than 7 can cause a lot of destruction.
- The lace on the earth where an earthquake originates is called the epicentre.
- The epicentre is the centre of the earthquake, while the seismic waves travel in circles around it.
- Earthquakes can cause a lot of danger, that’s why one must always be prepared for it.
- During earthquakes, we should stand in an open field so that nothing can fall on us and we are safe.
- If there are no open fields, one should bend and sit under a surface like a table to protect oneself.
Set 2 – 10 Lines on Earthquake for School Children
The following set of 10 lines on earthquakes will be useful for students who are in classes 6, 7, 8 and 9.
- Earthquakes are caused when the tectonic plates under the surface of the earth shift in their places.
- The waves created by an earthquake are called seismic waves, which are the vibrations we feel during the earthquake.
- The area where the seismic waves originate from is the epicentre, and the seismic waves follow a circular pattern around this epicentre.
- The magnitude of an earthquake denotes how powerful it was and it is generally measured on the Richter scale.
- The magnitude of an earthquake is measured using a seismograph on the Richter scale from 1 to 10.
- Earthquakes with a magnitude of 1 to 3 are considered minor and are usually very light, but are strong enough for a seismograph to catch.
- Earthquakes with a magnitude of 3 to 6.9 are considered moderate or strong, where there can be destruction caused, especially in areas with a high density of population.
- Earthquakes with a magnitude of 7 to 8 are considered major earthquakes which have the capability to topple buildings and cause other serious damage.
- Those earthquakes with a magnitude of 8.1 or more are considered to be great earthquakes and have the ability to destroy entire cities, especially towns which lie on the epicentre.
- It is important to stay safe during an earthquake to avoid any severe injuries, such as crouching under tables or evacuating to safe spaces like open fields.
Set 3 – 10 Lines on Earthquake for Higher Class Students
The following set of 10 lines on earthquakes will be useful for students who are in classes 10, 11 and 12.
- An earthquake refers to when the ground on the earth shakes as a result of the movement of tectonic plates under the crust of the earth.
- The central point where the earthquake impacts the most is called the epicentre, and the vibrations take place in a circular fashion around the epicentre.
- The vibrations or the shaking of the earth is caused by what we call seismic waves that are caused by the shaking of tectonic plates under the crust of the earth.
- The magnitude of an earthquake refers to how intense the earthquake was and it also implies how much damage it has caused at the epicentre and surrounding areas.
- The magnitude is measured on the Richter scale using a seismograph by a specialist.
- Earthquakes with a magnitude of 1 to 3 are considered to be relatively minor, those with a magnitude of 3.1 to 6.9 are considered moderate or strong, while any earthquakes with a magnitude higher than 7 are considered to be strong and highly destructive.
- It is incredibly necessary to take all the necessary security measures when an earthquake takes place, such as assembling in an open ground or crouching under tables to ensure that no heavy objects fall upon us.
- There are several earthquake hazards such as displacement of the ground and the falling of buildings, trees, light poles, etc. due to the pressure, flooding in case a dam or levee breaks due to the seismic waves, and fires caused by gas lines which may break.
- It is important to be aware of the various hazards that an earthquake can bring, and also take the appropriate safety measures during earthquakes, such as assembling in an open field or hiding underneath solid and stable furniture such as a desk or bed so as to prevent any objects falling on you.
- The worst earthquake in the history of the world is called the Valdivia Earthquake, which took place near Chile in the year 1960, and had a magnitude of 9.5, killing nearly 5700 people and leaving a million homeless.
Read More: Essay On Fire Safety
Frequently Asked Questions on Earthquake
Question 1.
What does magnitude mean?
Answer:
Magnitude is the word we use when referring to the ‘size’ of an earthquake, and it based on the measurement of the rigour of the earthquake provided by a seismograph. Magnitude is measured on a scale of 1 to 10, where magnitudes of 1 to about 2.5 can hardly be felt, but are yet recorded by a seismograph. Earthquakes with magnitudes 3 to 7 are moderate and strong and can cause severe amounts of damage. Earthquakes above the magnitude of 8, and especially 9, are disastrous and can bring long-term destruction of the epicentre and its surrounding areas.
Question 2.
What are some earthquakes which caused a lot of destruction?
Answer:
The Valdivia Earthquake of 1960 took place in Chile. It had a magnitude of 9.5, had 5700 casualties and many more injured, and it rendered 1 million people homeless.
The 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake in Southern Alaska had a magnitude of 9.2 and 131 people died, while damages incurred crossed 300 million dollars at the time. The Indian Ocean Earthquake of 2004 was coupled with the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004, with a magnitude of 9.1 and 227898 deaths along the coast of the Indian Ocean.
Question 3.
What is a seismograph?
Answer:
A seismograph is a device which is used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. It is also called a seismometer.
Question 4.
What is a tectonic plate?
Answer:
The crust of the earth is divided into several tectonic plates, which are small layers of the upper mantle of the earth. As these tectonic plates collide, they create mountains, and as they separate, they create canals, canyons, etc. and when there is a movement in these plates, the surface of the earth shakes as what we call an earthquake.